Permutation matrices whose convex combinations are orthostochastic

An \(n\times n\) doubly stochastic matrix \((a_{ij})\) is said to be orthostochastic if there exists an \(n\times n\) unitary matrix \((u_{ij})\) such that \(a_{ij}=| u_{ij}|^ 2\). Let \(P_ 1,...,P_ m\) be \(n\times n\) permutation matrices. The authors give a simple necessary condition for all convex combinations of \(P_ 1,...,P_ m\) to be orthostochastic. Then they show that the condition is also sufficient when \(n\leq 15\) but leave the problem open for \(n>15\). For a given prime number p, let \({\mathcal G}\) be a group of \(n\times n\) permutation matrices such that \(M^ p=I\) for every \(M\in {\mathcal G}\). The authors give some results on the structure of \({\mathcal G}\).

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