Asymptotic probabilities of extension properties and random l-colourable structures

DOI10.1016/J.APAL.2011.12.001MaRDI QIDQ764265zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 13 March 2012

Published in Annals of Pure and Applied Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.2460

colouring finite model theory pregeometry hereditary property zero-one law amalgamation property asymptotic probability extension axioms forbidden structures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Probability in computer science (algorithm analysis, random structures, phase transitions, etc.) (68Q87) Combinatorial probability (60C05) Model theory of finite structures (03C13) Zero-one laws (60F20)

Abstract: We consider a set

of {em finite} structures such that all members of

m b K_{n}

have the same universe, the cardinality of which approaches

i n f t y

as

n o i n f t y

. Each structure in

m b K

may have a nontrivial underlying pregeometry and on each

m b K_{n}

we consider a probability measure, either the uniform measure, or what we call the {em dimension conditional measure}. The main questions are: What conditions imply that for every extension axiom

v a r p h i

, compatible with the defining properties of

m b K

, the probability that

v a r p h i

is true in a member of

m b K_{n}

approaches 1 as

n o i n f t y

? And what conditions imply that this is not the case, possibly in the strong sense that the mentioned probability approaches 0 for some

v a r p h i

? If each

m b K_{n}

is the set of structures with universe

1, ..., n

, in a fixed relational language, in which certain "forbidden" structures cannot be weakly embedded and

m b K

has the disjoint amalgamation property, then there is a condition (concerning the set of forbidden structures) which, if we consider the uniform measure, gives a dichotomy; i.e. the condition holds if and only if the answer to the first question is `yes'. In general, we do not obtain a dichotomy, but we do obtain a condition guaranteeing that the answer is `yes' for the first question, as well as a condition guaranteeing that the answer is `no'; and we give examples showing that in the gap between these conditions the answer may be either `yes' or `no'. This analysis is made for both the uniform measure and for the dimension conditional measure. The later measure has closer relation to random generation of structures and is more "generous" with respect to satisfiability of extension axioms.

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