On -minimizing hypercones

Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Geometric measure and integration theory, integral and normal currents in optimization (49Q15) Minimal surfaces in differential geometry, surfaces with prescribed mean curvature (53A10)

Abstract: In this paper we considerably extend the class of known

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-minimizing hypercones using sub-calibration methods. Indeed, the improvement of previous results follows from a careful analysis of special cubic and quartic polynomials.

Review text

The author considers the following problem in calculus of variations: Let \(n\geq 2\) be an integer and \(M\) an oriented Lipschitz hypersurface in \(\mathbb{R}^m\times \mathbb{R}_+=\{x,y)\}\), \(x\in \mathbb{R}^m\), \(y\in \mathbb{R}_+\). For \(\alpha >0\), the energy is defined by \[ E_\alpha(M):=\int_M y^\alpha d\mathcal{H}^{m-1}. \] The case \(m=2\) has been widely studied: In that case are often considered two points \(P_0\) and \(P_1\) and the question is to look for a curve joining these two points and minimizing \(E_\alpha\). For example, the case \(\alpha=1/2\) corresponds to the famous brachistochrone. Here the author is interested in hypercones that could be local minimizers. He proves that there exists a particular number \(\alpha_m > 2/m\) depending on the dimension and completely characterized by an explicit algebraic equation such that the cone \[ \mathcal{C}_m^\alpha:=\{0\leq y\leq \sqrt{\frac{\alpha}{m-1}}\,|x| \} \] is a local \(\alpha\)-perimeter minimizer for any \(\alpha \geq \alpha_m\). The notion of local \(\alpha\)-perimeter minimizer is inspired by the classical notion of quasi-minimizer where here the perimeter is considered with a weight \(y^\alpha\).

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