Ideals of injective dimension 1

Extension theory of commutative rings (13B02) Rings of fractions and localization for commutative rings (13B30) Structure, classification theorems for modules and ideals in commutative rings (13C05) Injective and flat modules and ideals in commutative rings (13C11) Homological dimension and commutative rings (13D05) Valuation rings (13F30) Integral domains (13G05)

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Let R be an integral domain with quotient field Q and let I be a non-zero ideal of R. In this paper the author investigates conditions under which the injective dimension of I is one (i.e. Q/I is injective). This leads naturally to the conditions \(E(R/I)=Q/I\) and \(E(R/I)\subseteq Q/I\) where E(R/I) denotes the injective envelope of R/I. The results relate these conditions to properties of certain overrings of R that the author calls complemented extensions, and to properties of torsion-free liftings and coverings. A complemented extension is defined as an R-submodule A of Q which contains R for which there exists an R-submodule A' of Q with \(A+A' = Q\) and \(A\cap A' = R\). --- These are investigated in section one where it is shown that A is a flat overring of R and A' is unique. It then follows that \(Q/I\cong Q/IA\oplus Q/IA'\) so these extensions can be expected to play a role in the above questions about Q/I. It is also shown that if H is the completion of R in the R-topology, then complemented extensions of R correspond to decompositions of H into a product of two subrings. -In section two it is shown that \(inj \dim_ RI=1\) is equivalent to the following equivalent conditions on I. (1) There exists a complemented extension A of R such that \(IA\cap R=I\), \(inj \dim_ AIA=1\), and \(inj \dim_{A'}A'\leq 1.\) (2) \(R_ S\) is a complemented extension of R, \(inj \dim_{R_ S}I_ S=1\) and \(inj \dim_{R'\!_ S}R'\!_ S\leq 1\) where \(S=\{1-a| a\in I\}\) and R'\({}_ S\) is the unique complement of \(R_ S\). A similar description of when \(E(R| I)\subseteq Q/I\) holds is also given. -In section three the author shows how the properties under consideration are related to torsion-free liftings and covers of various modules. For example this section contains the result that \(inj \dim_ RI=1\) is equivalent to each of the following conditions. \((1)\quad Ext^ 1\!_ R(X,IH)=0\) for any torsion-free R-module X. (2) The exact sequence \(0\to IH\to H\otimes Q\to Q/I\to 0\) is a torsion-free lifting. (3) The exact sequence \(0\to rIH\to H\to R/rI\to 0\) is a torsion-free lifting for any non-zero \(r\in R\). Similar characterizations of \(E(R/I)=Q/I\) and \(E(R/I)\subseteq Q/I\) are also given. -In the fourth and final section the author gives applications to valuation rings, noetherian domains and h-local domains. The following is a sample of the results in this section: The following properties of R are equivalent. (1) R is an almost maximal valuation ring. (2) R is a valuation ring and \(inj \dim_ RI=1\) for every non-zero ideal I of R. (3) R has only one maximal ideal M and \(inj \dim_ RM=1.\) (4) There exists a maximal ideal M of R such that \(E(R/M)=Q/M.\) (5) There exists a maximal ideal M of R such that \(H\to R/I\) is a torsion-free cover.

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