A generalization of Egorov's theorem
Let \(\lambda\) (t,x,D) be a pseudo-differential operator of order 1 on a compact manifold M, and let the principal symbol \(\lambda_ 1(t,x,\xi)\) be real-valued. We consider the evolution equation \((1)\quad(\partial /\partial t)u(t,x)=i \lambda(t,x,D) u(t,x), u(0,x)=u_ 0(x)\). We denote the solution operator of the problem (1) by \(S(t)u_ 0(x)=u(t,x).\) Then the celebrated Egorov's theorem is as follows. Theorem. Let p(x,D) be a pseudo-differential operator of order m. Then the operator (2) \(S(t)p(x,D)S(t)^{-1}=Q(t)\) is also a pseudo-differential operator of order m and the principal symbol of the operator Q(t) is given by \(q_ m(t,x,\xi)=p_ m(\chi(t,x,\xi)),\) where the flow \(\chi\) on \(T^*(M)\) is generated by the Hamiltonian vector field \(H_{\lambda_ 1}\). The theorem has been used to analize the properties of the solution operator S(t). In the present paper we consider the case that the imaginary part of the principal symbol \(\lambda_ 1(t,x,\xi)\) is non-negative. In this case the solution operator S(t) may not be invertible, but is well-defined as an operator on \({\mathcal D}'(M)\). In order to give a generalized Egorov theorem in this case, the author investigates the operator class Q(t) which satisfies \(S(t)p(x,D)=Q(t)S(t)\) in place of the above relation (2). The main theorem shows that a similar assertion as above holds for the operator Q(t) in this case. The argument closely follows the proof which is used in the book of \textit{M. Taylor} [Pseudo-differential operators, Lect. Notes Math. 416 (1974; Zbl 0289.35001)].
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