Hopf diagrams and quantum invariants

DOI10.2140/AGT.2005.5.1677MaRDI QIDQ813183zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alexis Virelizier, Alain Bruguiéres

Publication date 30 January 2006

Published in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0505119, https://eudml.org/doc/127721

zbMATH Keywords

Hopf diagrams quantum invariants of 3-manifolds string links

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum groups and related algebraic methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R50)

Abstract: The Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant, Turaev's TQFT, and many related constructions rely on the encoding of certain tangles (n-string links, or ribbon n-handles) as n-forms on the coend of a ribbon category. We introduce the monoidal category of Hopf diagrams, and describe a universal encoding of ribbon string links as Hopf diagrams. This universal encoding is an injective monoidal functor and admits a straightforward monoidal retraction. Any Hopf diagram with n legs yields a n-form on the coend of a ribbon category in a completely explicit way. Thus computing a quantum invariant of a 3-manifold reduces to the purely formal computation of the associated Hopf diagram, followed by the evaluation of this diagram in a given category (using in particular the so-called Kirby elements).

Review text

The paper discusses certain aspects of an abstract general construction of quantum manifold invariants. Its main goal is to introduce a monoidal category of Hopf diagrams and to describe a universal encoding of ribbon strings as Hopf diagrams. By definition, a Hopf diagram is a morphism of the category \textit{Diag}, which is the convolution category \(\text{Conv }_{\mathcal D}(*,{\mathbf 1})\) of the category \({\mathcal D}\) generated by one object \(*\) and the morphisms \(\Delta :*\rightarrow *\otimes *,\epsilon :*\rightarrow {\mathbf 1}, \omega_+:*\otimes *\rightarrow {\mathbf 1}, \omega_{-}:*\otimes *\rightarrow {\mathbf 1}, \theta _+:*\rightarrow {\mathbf 1}, \theta_{-}:*\rightarrow {\mathbf 1},\) where \({\mathbf 1}\) denotes the unit object of the monoidal category, subject to the relations \((\text{id}_*\otimes \Delta )\Delta=(\Delta \otimes \text{id}_*)\Delta\) and \((\text{id}_*\otimes \epsilon )\Delta=\text{id}_*=(\epsilon \otimes \text{id}_*)\Delta\). The universal encoding introduced by the authors is an injective monoidal functor and admits a straightforward monoidal retraction. Any Hopf diagram with \(n\) legs yields an \(n\)-form on the coend of a ribbon category in a completely explicit way. So the computation of a quantum invariant of a \(3\)-manifold is reduced to a two stage process: first the formal computation of the associated Hopf diagram, and second, the evaluation of this diagram in the given category. The latter relies on the so-called Kirby elements, which are also discussed in the paper.

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