Complex Langevin and other approaches to the sign problem in quantum many-body physics

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSREP.2020.09.002zbMATH Open1472.81128arXiv1907.10183OpenAlexW3092381190MaRDI QIDQ822927FDOQ822927

Authors: N. E. Zubov 

Publication date: 24 September 2021

Published in: Physics Reports (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We review the theory and applications of complex stochastic quantization to the quantum many-body problem. Along the way, we present a brief overview of a number of ideas that either ameliorate or in some cases altogether solve the sign problem, including the classic reweighting method, alternative Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations, dual variables (for bosons and fermions), Majorana fermions, density-of-states methods, imaginary asymmetry approaches, and Lefschetz thimbles. We discuss some aspects of the mathematical underpinnings of conventional stochastic quantization, provide a few pedagogical examples, and summarize open challenges and practical solutions for the complex case. Finally, we review the recent applications of complex Langevin to quantum field theory in relativistic and nonrelativistic quantum matter, with an emphasis on the nonrelativistic case.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10183

Recommendations

• Approaches to the sign problem in lattice field theory
• Complex saddle points and the sign problem in complex Langevin simulation
• Combining the complex Langevin method and the generalized Lefschetz-thimble method
• Stochastic quantization at finite chemical potential
• Stability of complex Langevin dynamics in effective models

zbMATH Keywords

stochastic quantizationsign problemcomplex Langevin

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantization in field theory; cohomological methods (81T70) Stochastic quantization (81S20) Particle exchange symmetries in quantum theory (general) (81V72)

Cites Work

• A Stochastic Approximation Method
• Equation of state calculations by fast computing machines
• Degenerate distributions in complex Langevin dynamics: one-dimensional QCD at finite chemical potential
• The QCD deconfinement transition for heavy quarks and all baryon chemical potentials
• Gauge cooling in complex Langevin for lattice QCD with heavy quarks
• Lattice gauge theory without link variables
• Stability of complex Langevin dynamics in effective models
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Stochastic quantization at finite chemical potential
• Monte Carlo simulation of the \(SU(3)\) spin model with chemical potential in a flux representation
• Simulating full QCD at nonzero density using the complex Langevin equation
• Flux representation of an effective Polyakov loop model for QCD thermodynamics
• Real-time gauge theory simulations from stochastic quantization with optimized updating
• Complex Langevin equations and Schwinger-Dyson equations
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• On the stochastic quantization of field theory
• On the convergence of complex Langevin dynamics: the three-dimensional XY model at finite chemical potential
• Complex Langevin dynamics in the \(\operatorname{SU}(3)\) spin model at nonzero chemical potential revisited
• The mechanism of complex Langevin simulations
• Complex probabilistics on \(\mathbb{R}^N\) as real probabilities on \(\mathbb{C}^N\) and an application to path integrals
• Restricted phase-space approximation in real-time stochastic quantization
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Lattice QCD at Finite Density: An Introductory Review
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Hamilton dynamics for Lefschetz-thimble integration akin to the complex Langevin method
• Complex saddle points and the sign problem in complex Langevin simulation
• Schwinger-Dyson equations and line integrals
• Density of states method for the \(\mathbb{Z}_3\) spin model
• Developing and testing the density of states FFA method in the \(\operatorname{SU}(3)\) spin model
• The QCD phase transition at high temperature and low density
• Fermion bag approach to the sign problem in strongly coupled lattice QED with Wilson fermions
• Stochastic quantization of real-time thermal field theory
• Simulating the all-order strong coupling expansion. III: \(O(N)\) sigma/loop models
• Simulating the all-order strong coupling expansion. IV: \(CP(N - 1)\) as a loop model
• Simulating the all-order strong coupling expansion. I: Ising model demo
• Simulating the all-order hopping expansion. II: Wilson fermions
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Exact analysis of a \({\delta}\)-function spin-1/2 attractive Fermi gas with arbitrary polarization
• Approaches to the sign problem in lattice field theory
• Complex Langevin analysis of the spontaneous symmetry breaking in dimensionally reduced super Yang-Mills models
• Beyond complex Langevin equations: from simple examples to positive representation of Feynman path integrals directly in the Minkowski time
• Gauge cooling for the singular-drift problem in the complex Langevin method -- a test in random matrix theory for finite density QCD
• Parallel tempering algorithm for integration over Lefschetz thimbles
• Representation of complex probabilities
• Positive representations of a class of complex measures
• Justification of the complex Langevin method with the gauge cooling procedure
• The existence of positive representations for complex weights
• Complex Langevin dynamics and zeroes of the fermion determinant
• Effective field theory in condensed matter physics
• Complex Langevin analysis of the space-time structure in the Lorentzian type IIB matrix model
• Testing the criterion for correct convergence in the complex Langevin method
• Complex Langevin analysis of the spontaneous breaking of 10D rotational symmetry in the Euclidean IKKT matrix model
• Spectrum of certain non-self-adjoint operators and solutions of Langevin equations with complex drift
• The BCS-BEC crossover: from ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
• A simple approach towards the sign problem using path optimisation
• Dual simulation of the 2d \(\operatorname{U}(1)\) gauge Higgs model at topological angle \(\theta = \pi\): Critical endpoint behavior
• Lattice study of the Silver Blaze phenomenon for a charged scalar \(\Phi^4\) field
• Complex Langevin analysis of 2D U(1) gauge theory on a torus with a \(\theta\) term
• Spectroscopy in finite density lattice field theory: an exploratory study in the relativistic Bose gas
• Abelian gauge theories on the lattice: $\theta$-Terms and compact gauge theory with(out) monopoles
• Pairing in asymmetric many-fermion systems: functional renormalisation group approach
• On the ground state energy of the delta-function Fermi gas
• Minkowski stochastic quantization
• Complex Langevin for semisimple compact connected Lie groups andU(1)
• Positive representations of complex distributions on groups
• Application of a neural network to the sign problem via the path optimization method
• Path optimization in \(0+1\)D QCD at finite density
• How does gauge cooling stabilize complex Langevin?

Cited In (18)

• Complex Langevin dynamics and zeroes of the fermion determinant
• Combining the complex Langevin method and the generalized Lefschetz-thimble method
• Complex Langevin dynamics and supersymmetric quantum mechanics
• Diffusion models as stochastic quantization in lattice field theory
• A simple approach towards the sign problem using path optimisation
• Solution to the sign problem in a frustrated quantum impurity model
• A lattice pairing-field approach to ultracold Fermi gases
• Dense \(\mathrm{QCD}_2\) with matrix product states
• Complex saddle points and the sign problem in complex Langevin simulation
• Stable solvers for real-time complex Langevin
• Time-space duality in 2D quantum gravity
• Loss of ergodicity in a quantum hopping model of a dense many body system with repulsive interactions
• Approaches to the sign problem in lattice field theory
• Complex, Lorentzian, and Euclidean simplicial quantum gravity: numerical methods and physical prospects
• Towards learning optimized kernels for complex Langevin
• Cuprates and center vortices: a QCD confinement mechanism in a high-T\(_{\text{c}}\) context
• Quantum critical points and the sign problem
• Backpropagating hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm for fast Lefschetz thimble calculations

This page was built for publication: Complex Langevin and other approaches to the sign problem in quantum many-body physics

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q822927)