Refinement equations and spline functions

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Abstract: In this paper, we exploit the relation between the regularity of refinable functions with non-integer dilations and the distribution of powers of a fixed number modulo 1, and show the nonexistence of a non-trivial {�f C}^{infty} solution of the refinement equation with non-integer dilations. Using this, we extend the results on the refinable splines with non-integer dilations and construct a counterexample to some conjecture concerning the refinable splines with non-integer dilations. Finally, we study the box splines satisfying the refinement equation with non-integer dilation and translations. Our study involves techniques from number theory and harmonic analysis.


Refinement equations and the properties of their solutions are especially related via the scaling parameters that appear in the equation. In this article, this relationship is studied with respect to the smoothness of the solution (the refinable function). Smooth and compactly supported refinable functions are sought and the question is addressed for which scaling parameters (also called dilation parameters) such solutions are available. In certain circumstances, for instance when the shifts in the refinement equation are rational numbers, such refinable functions are not available unless the trivial solution is used. One case studied in further detail is the choice of box-splines (multivariate piecewise polynomials).











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