A simplification of Morita's construction of total right rings of quotients for a class of rings.

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2006.07.007MaRDI QIDQ855344zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 7 December 2006

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0702526

hereditary torsion theories maximal rings of quotients perfect localizations right semihereditary rings total right rings of quotients

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Torsion theories; radicals on module categories (associative algebraic aspects) (16S90)

Abstract: The total right ring of quotients

Q_{m a t h r m t o t}^{r} (R),

sometimes also called the maximal flat epimorphic right ring of quotients or right flat epimorphic hull, is usually obtained as a directed union of a certain family of extension of the base ring

R

. In [K. Morita, Flat modules, injective modules and quotient rings, Math. Z. 120 (1971) 25--40],

Q_{m a t h r m t o t}^{r} (R)

is constructed in a different way, by transfinite induction on ordinals. Starting with the maximal right ring of quotients

Q_{m a t h r m m a x}^{r} (R)

, its subrings are constructed until

Q_{m a t h r m t o t}^{r} (R)

is obtained. Here, we prove that Morita's construction of

Q_{m a t h r m t o t}^{r} (R)

can be simplified for rings satisfying condition (C) that every subring of the maximal right ring of quotients

Q_{m a t h r m m a x}^{r} (R)

containing

R

is flat as a left

R

-module. We illustrate the usefulness of this simplification by considering the class of right semihereditary rings all of which satisfy condition (C). We prove that the construction stops after just one step and we obtain a simple description of

Q_{m a t h r m t o t}^{r} (R)

in this case. Lastly, we study conditions that imply that Morita's construction ends in countably many steps.

Review text

Every ring has a maximal perfect right ring of quotients, unique up to isomorphism. It is called `total right ring of quotients' (and it is denoted by \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\)). In the present paper it is proved that Morita's construction (1971) of \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\) can be simplified for rings satisfying the condition (C): Every subring of the maximal right ring of quotients \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\) containing \(R\) is flat as a left \(R\)-module. If \(R\subseteq S\) and \(_RS\) is flat, then the class of modules \(\{M_R\mid M\otimes_RS=0\}\) defines a hereditary torsion theory, denoted by \(\tau_S\). The idea of the construction of \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\) is the following. Starting with \(Q^r_{\max}(R)=Q_0\), if it is perfect, then \(Q_0=Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\). If not, the strictly smaller torsion theory \(\tau_{Q_0}\) is considered. If it is perfect, then its maximal right ring of quotients \(Q_1\) is \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\). If not, then the strictly smaller torsion theory \(\tau_{Q_1}\) is considered and continued inductively. If the construction does not end after finitely many steps, it is considered \(Q_\omega\) as intersection of the rings \(Q_n\) (\(n\geq 0\)), and proceeded inductively. It is proved that Morita's construction coincides with the one indicated above if \(R\) satisfies the condition (C). A right semihereditary ring \(R\) satisfies the condition (C), and in this case the construction of \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\) stops after at most one step, obtaining a simple description of \(Q^r_{\text{tot}}(R)\) as the set of elements \(a\in Q^r_{\max}(R)\) such that \(ar_i\in R\) and \(\sum^n_{i=1}r_ia_i=1\) for some \(n\), \(a_i\in Q^r_{\max}(R)\) and \(r_i\in R\) (\(i=1,\dots,n\)).

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