Space-time directional Lyapunov exponents for cellular automata

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Abstract: Space-time directional Lyapunov exponents are introduced. They describe the maximal velocity of propagation to the right or to the left of fronts of perturbations in a frame moving with a given velocity. The continuity of these exponents as function of the velocity and an inequality relating them to the directional entropy is proved.


Lyapunov exponents for cellular automata were first introduced by \textit{S. Wolfram} [Cellular automata and complexity. Collected papers. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company (1994; Zbl 0823.68003)] to characterize the instability of their dynamics, in analogy to that shown by differentiable dynamical systems under perturbations of initial conditions. A rigorous mathematical definition of these exponents for one-dimensional automata was given by \textit{M. A. Shereshevsky} [J. Nonlinear Sci. 2, No.~1, 1--8 (1992; Zbl 0872.58038)] in the framework of ergodic theory. The present authors attempt to account for the space-time complexity of the automata, by generalizing the Shereshevsky exponents to space-time directional Lyapunov exponents, and next relating them to the directional entropy.











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