Scattering of solitons for the Schrödinger equation coupled to a particle

DOI10.1134/S106192080602004XMaRDI QIDQ871766zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 26 March 2007

Published in Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609649

coupled Schrödinger equation scattering of solitons spectral theory symplectic projection

PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Soliton equations (35Q51) Soliton theory, asymptotic behavior of solutions of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems (37K40) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Exactly and quasi-solvable systems arising in quantum theory (81U15)

Abstract: We establish soliton-like asymptotics for finite energy solutions to the Schr"odinger equation coupled to a nonrelativistic classical particle. Any solution with initial state close to the solitary manifold, converges to a sum of traveling wave and outgoing free wave. The convergence holds in global energy norm. The proof uses spectral theory and the symplectic projection onto solitary manifold in the Hilbert phase space.

Review text

The authors consider the Schrödinger equation coupled to a nonrelativistic particle with position~\(q\) \[ i\dot{\psi}(x,t)=-\Delta\psi(x,t)+m^2\psi(x,t)+\rho(x-q(t)), \] \[ \ddot{q}(t)=\frac{1}{2}\int\left[\overline{\psi}\nabla\rho(x-q(t))+\psi(x,t) \nabla\overline{\rho}(x-q(t))\right]\,dx, \] where \(x\in{\mathbb R},m>0\) and \(\rho\) is the charge distribution. Their main result is the soliton asymptotics of type \[ \psi(x,t)\sim\psi_{v_{\pm}}(x-v_{\pm}t-a_{\pm})+W_0 (t)\Psi_{\pm}, \;\;q(t)\sim v_{\pm}t+a_{\pm}\;\;\text{as}\;\;t\rightarrow\pm\infty, \] under the assumption that the initial state is close to the solitary manifold \[ {\mathcal{S}}:=\{(\operatorname {Re}\psi(x-a),\operatorname {Im}\psi(x-a),a,v):a,v\in{\mathbb{R}}^3,| v| <2m\}. \] The proof uses spectral theory and the symplectic projection onto \({\mathcal{S}}\) in the Hilbert phase space. For similar results for other coupled systems of wave fields and particles, see \textit{I. Valery, A. Komech} and \textit{B. Vainberg} [Commun. Math. Phys. 268, 321--367 (2006; Zbl 1127.35054)].

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