Zero-norm states and high-energy symmetries of string theory

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2004.04.022zbMATH Open1325.81137arXivhep-th/0401133OpenAlexW2021255850MaRDI QIDQ874088FDOQ874088

Jen-Chi Lee, Chuan-Tsung Chan

Publication date: 4 April 2007

Published in: Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We derive stringy Ward identities from the decoupling of two types of zero-norm states in the old covariant first quantized (OCFQ) spectrum of open bosonic string. These Ward identities are valid to all energy and all loop orders in string perturbation theory. The high-energy limit of these stringy Ward identities can then be used to fix the proportionality constants between scattering amplitudes of different string states algebraically without referring to Gross and Mende's saddle point calculation of high-energy string-loop amplitudes. As examples, all Ward identities for the mass level 4 and 6 are derived, their high-energy limits are calculated and the proportionality constants between scattering amplitudes of different string states are determined. In addition to those identified before, we discover some new nonzero components of high-energy amplitudes not found previously by Gross and Manes. These components are essential to preserve massive gauge invariances or decouple massive zero-norm states of string theory. A set of massive scattering amplitudes and their high energy limits are calculated explicitly for each mass level to justify our results.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0401133

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30)

Cites Work

• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Strings at superplanckian energies: in search of the string symmetry
• Stringy symmetries and their high-energy limits
• Calculation of Zero-Norm States and Reduction of Stringy Scattering Amplitudes

Cited In (29)

• Stringy scaling of \(n\)-point Regge string scattering amplitudes
• Scatterings of massive string states from D-brane and their linear relations at high energies
• New bosonic hard string scattering amplitudes and extended Gross conjecture in superstring theory
• High-energy string scatterings of compactified open string
• Spin polarization independence of hard polarized fermion string scattering amplitudes
• Linear relations of high energy absorption/emission amplitudes of D-brane
• Comments on the high energy limit of bosonic open string theory
• Notes on high-energy limit of bosonic closed string scattering amplitudes
• Zero energy states in supersymmetric matrix models
• The string BCJ relations revisited and extended recurrence relations of nonrelativistic string scattering amplitudes
• Null physical states in string models
• Recurrence relations of Kummer functions and Regge string scattering amplitudes
• Stringy symmetries and their high-energy limits
• Calculation of Zero-Norm States and Reduction of Stringy Scattering Amplitudes
• The Appell function \(F_1\) and Regge string scattering amplitudes
• Solving all 4-point correlation functions for bosonic open string theory in the high-energy limit
• The exact \(SL(K + 3, \mathbb{C})\) symmetry of string theory
• Residues of bosonic string scattering amplitudes and the Lauricella functions
• Linear relations and their breakdown in high energy massive string scatterings in compact spaces
• Ward identities and high energy scattering amplitudes in string theory
• High energy scattering amplitudes of superstring theory
• High-energy massive string scatterings from orientifold planes
• The $\operatorname{SL}(K + 3, \mathbb{C})$ symmetry of the bosonic string scattering amplitudes
• String scattering amplitudes and deformed cubic string field theory
• Solving Lauricella string scattering amplitudes through recurrence relations
• Ward identities of \(W_\infty\) symmetry and higher-genus amplitudes in 2D string theory
• The Lauricella functions and exact string scattering amplitudes
• One-Loop Massive Scattering Amplitudes and Ward Identities in String Theory
• The \(SL(K + 3, \mathbb{C})\) symmetry of string scatterings from D-branes

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