JSJ-decompositions of knot and link complements in S^3
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Abstract: This paper is a survey of some of the most elementary consequences of the JSJ-decomposition and geometrization for knot and link complements in the 3-sphere. Formulated in the language of graphs, the result is the construction of a bijective correspondence between the isotopy classes of links in and a class of vertex-labelled, finite acyclic graphs, called companionship graphs. This construction can be thought of as a uniqueness theorem for Schubert's `satellite operations.' We identify precisely which graphs are companionship graphs of knots and links respectively. We also describe how a large family of operations on knots and links affects companionship graphs. This family of operations is called `splicing' and includes, among others, the operations of: cabling, connect-sum, Whitehead doubling and the deletion of a component.
The author enlarges \textit{H. Schubert}'s classic works on satellite knots [S.B. Heidelberger Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat.kl. 1949, 57--104 (1949; Zbl 0031.28602) and Acta Math. 90, 131--286 (1953; Zbl 0051.40403)]. He makes use of the Jaco-Shalen-Johannson decomposition and Thurston's geometrization to update and strengthen Schubert's results. In particular he associates and studies a class of acyclic graphs which are bijectively related to isotopy classes of links in \(S^3\).
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