Orbital measures on SU(2)/SO(2)

DOI10.1007/S00605-015-0812-XMaRDI QIDQ895433zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Boudjemaa Anchouche, Sanjiv Gupta, Alain Plagne

Publication date 3 December 2015

Published in Monatshefte für Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.4674

bi-invariant measure exponential sums spherical functions symmetric space

Analysis on other specific Lie groups (43A80) Differential geometry of symmetric spaces (53C35) Integration on manifolds; measures on manifolds (58C35)

Abstract: We let U=SU(2) and K=SO(2) and denote N_{U}(K) the normalizer of K in U. For a an element of U N_{U} (K), we let mu_{a} be the normalized singular measure supported in KaK. For p a positive integer, it was proved that mu_{a}^{( p)}, the convolution of p copies of mu_{a}, is absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure of the group U as soon as p>=2. The aim of this paper is to go a step further by proving the following two results : (i) for every a in U N_{U} (K) and every integer p >=3, the Radon-Nikodym derivative of mu_{a}^{(p)} with respect to the Haar measure m_{U} on U, namely dmu_{a}^{(p)}/d m_{U}, is in L^{2}(U), and (ii) there exist a in U N_{U} (K) for which dmu_{a}^{(2)}/ dm_{U} is not in L^{2}(U), hence a counter example to the dichotomy conjecture. Since L^{2} (G) subseteq L^{1} (G), our result gives in particular a new proof of the result when p>2.

Review text

Suppose \(G/K\) is a compact symmetric space and \(\mu \) is any continuous, \(K\)-bi-invariant measure. A classical result due to Ragozin states that \(\mu^{d}\) is absolutely continuous with respect to Haar measure on \(G\) (equivalently, in \(L^{1}(G)\)) where \(\mu ^{d}\) denotes the \(d\)-fold convolution product and \(d=\dim G/K\). In the case that \(G=\mathrm{SU}(n)\) and \(K=\mathrm{SO}(n)\), this was improved by \textit{S. K. Gupta} and \textit{K. E. Hare} [Monatsh. Math. 159, No. 1--2, 27--43 (2010; Zbl 1188.43009)] to \(d=n\) and this exponent was shown to be sharp. An important class of examples of \(K\)-bi-invariant measures are the orbital measures, \(\mu _{a}\), the invariant probability measures supported on the double coset \(KaK\). Based on the study of convolution products of orbital measures on compact Lie groups and algebras, it was conjectured that \(\mu _{a}^{k}\) would belong to the smaller space \(L^{2}(G)\) whenever \(\mu _{a}^{k}\in L^{1}(G)\). In this paper, the authors show that the conjecture is false for \(\mathrm{SU}(2)/\mathrm{SO}(2)\). They compute \(L^{2}\) norms by means of spherical functions and use these computations to prove that \(\mu _{a}^{3}\in L^{2}\) for all continuous orbital measures \(\mu _{a}\) on \(\mathrm{SU}(2)/\mathrm{SO}(2)\), but that there are such measures with \(\mu _{a}^{2}\in L^{1}\diagdown L^{2}\).

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