The Euler and Grace-Danielsson inequalities for nested triangles and tetrahedra: a derivation and generalisation using quantum information theory

DOI10.1007/S00022-014-0257-8MaRDI QIDQ895711zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Antony Milne

Publication date 4 December 2015

Published in Journal of Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.0525

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Elementary problems in Euclidean geometries (51M04) Inequalities and extremum problems in real or complex geometry (51M16) Classical or axiomatic geometry and physics (51P05) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40)

Abstract: We derive several results in classical Euclidean elementary geometry using the steering ellipsoid formalism from quantum mechanics. This gives a physically motivated derivation of very non-trivial geometric results, some of which are entirely new. We consider a sphere of radius $r$ contained inside another sphere of radius $R$, with the sphere centres separated by distance $d$. When does there exist a nested tetrahedron circumscribed about the smaller sphere and inscribed in the larger? We derive the Grace-Danielsson inequality $d^{2}leq(R+r)(R-3r)$ as the sole necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a nested tetrahedron. Our method also gives the condition $d^{2}leqR(R-2r)$ for the existence of a nested triangle in the analogous 2-dimensional scenario. These results imply the Euler inequality in 2 and 3 dimensions. Furthermore, we formulate a new inequality that applies to the more general case of ellipses and ellipsoids.

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Cited in

(2)

• On the Grace-Danielsson inequality for tetrahedra
• Egan conjecture holds

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• MathOverflow

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