Random walks on nilpotent groups driven by measures supported on powers of generators

Abstract: We study the decay of convolution powers of a large family

m u_{S, a}

of measures on finitely generated nilpotent groups. Here,

S = (s_{1}, ..., s_{k})

is a generating

k

-tuple of group elements and

a = (a l p h a_{1}, ..., a l p h a_{k})

is a

k

-tuple of reals in the interval

(0, 2)

. The symmetric measure

m u_{S, a}

is supported by

S^{*} = s_{i}^{m}, 1 l e i l e k,, m i n m a t h b b Z

and gives probability proportional to

(1+m)^{-alpha_i-1}

to

s_{i}^{p m m}

,

i = 1, ..., k,

m i n m a t h b b N

. We determine the behavior of the probability of return

m u_{S, a}^{(n)} (e)

as

n

tends to infinity. This behavior depends in somewhat subtle ways on interactions between the

k

-tuple

a

and the positions of the generators

s_{i}

within the lower central series

G_{j} = [G_{j - 1}, G]

,

G_{1} = G

.

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