Derived functor modules, dual pairs and U(g)^K-actions

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Publication:906882



Abstract: Derived functors (or Zuckerman functors) play a very important role in the study of unitary representations of real reductive groups. These functors are usually applied on highest weight modules in the so-called good range and the theory is well-understood. On the other hand, there were several studies on the irreducibility and unitarizability, in which derived functors are applied to singular modules. See Enright et al. (Acta. Math. 1985), for example. In this article, we apply derived functors to certain modules arising from the formalism of local theta lifting, and investigate the irreducible sub-quotients of resulting modules. The key technique is to understand U(mathfrakg)K-actions in the setting of a see-saw pair. Our results strongly suggest that derived functor constructions are compatible with local theta lifting.


Let \((G_1,G_1')\) and \((G_2,G_2')\) be two real reductive dual pairs in a symplectic group \({\mathrm{Sp}}(W)\) where both dual pairs are real forms of a complex dual pair \((G_{\mathbb{C}},G_{\mathbb{C}}')\). We pick Cartan involutions \(\sigma_1\) on \(G_1\) and \(\sigma_2\) on \(G_2\) such that they commute. For \(i = 1, 2\), we let \(K_i\) denote the corresponding maximal compact subgroups of \(G_i\). We set \(M = K_1 \cap K_2\). We let \(\tilde{G}_i\), \(\tilde{K}_i\) etc. denote their respective inverse images in the metaplectic double cover \(\widetilde{{\mathrm{Sp}}}(W)\). Let \(\rho_i'\) be a one dimensional character of \(G_i'\). We assume that \(\rho_1' \simeq \rho_2'\) as representations of the Lie algebra of \(G'_{\mathbb{C}}\). In this paper, the author studies the relations between the big theta lifts \(\Theta(\rho_i')\) which are representations of \(\tilde{G}_i\). Let \(\tau_1\) be an irreducible \(({\mathfrak{k}}, \tilde{M})\)-module and let \(\tau_2\) a \(\tilde{K}_2\)-type of \(\Theta(\rho_2')\). Suppose there exists a non-zero homomorphism \(T \in \mathrm{Hom}_{{\mathfrak{k}}_2,\tilde{M}}(\Theta(\rho_1'), \tau_1)\) such that \(\tau_2\) occurs in the image of the map \(\Gamma^j T : \Gamma^j \Theta(\rho_1') \rightarrow R^j(\Gamma^{{\mathfrak{k}}_2,\tilde{K}_2}_{{\mathfrak{k}}_2, \tilde{M}}) \tau_1\). Here \(\Gamma^j = R^j \Gamma_{{\mathfrak{g}},M}^{{\mathfrak{g}},K_2} \circ F\) where \(\Gamma_{{\mathfrak{g}},M}^{{\mathfrak{g}},K_2}\) is the Zuckerman functor and \(F\) is the forgetful function from the category of \(({\mathfrak{g}},K_1)\)-modules to the category of \(({\mathfrak{g}},M)\)-modules. Then the main theorem of this paper states that the two \(({\mathfrak{g}},\tilde{K}_2)\)-modules, \(\Gamma^j \Theta(\rho_1')\) and \(\Theta(\rho_2')\), have isomorphic irreducible subquotients generated by the \(K_2\)-type \(\tau_2\). One consequence of the main theorem is to give a shorter and more conceptual proof of a result of \textit{H. Y. Loke} et al. [Isr. J. Math. 201, Part A, 1--24 (2014; Zbl 1301.22009)]: Consider the dual pair \((G,G') = ({\mathrm{O}}(p,q), {\mathrm{Sp}}(2n,{\mathbb{R}}))\) where \(p+q\) is even and in stable range, i.e. \(p, q \geq 2n\) and \(\max(p,q) > 2n\). Let \(\Theta_{p,q}(1)\) denote the theta lift of the trivial representation of \({\mathrm{Sp}}(2n,{\mathbb{R}})\). Then \(\Gamma^{2nr} \Theta_{p,q}(1) = \Theta_{p+r,q-r}(1)\) . The proof of the main theorem is of independent interest. Let \((\omega,Y)\) be the Fock model of the oscillator representation of \(\widetilde{{\mathrm{Sp}}}(W)\). Given a seesaw pair \((G,G')\) and \((H,H')\) where \(H \subset G\) and \(G' \subset H'\), the main Lemma B states that \[ \omega(U({\mathfrak{g}})^{\tilde{H}}) = \omega(U({\mathfrak{h}}')^{\tilde{G}'}) \] as subalgebras of \({\mathrm{End}}_{\mathbb{C}}(Y)\).



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