Derived functor modules, dual pairs and U(g)^K-actions
Let \((G_1,G_1')\) and \((G_2,G_2')\) be two real reductive dual pairs in a symplectic group \({\mathrm{Sp}}(W)\) where both dual pairs are real forms of a complex dual pair \((G_{\mathbb{C}},G_{\mathbb{C}}')\). We pick Cartan involutions \(\sigma_1\) on \(G_1\) and \(\sigma_2\) on \(G_2\) such that they commute. For \(i = 1, 2\), we let \(K_i\) denote the corresponding maximal compact subgroups of \(G_i\). We set \(M = K_1 \cap K_2\). We let \(\tilde{G}_i\), \(\tilde{K}_i\) etc. denote their respective inverse images in the metaplectic double cover \(\widetilde{{\mathrm{Sp}}}(W)\). Let \(\rho_i'\) be a one dimensional character of \(G_i'\). We assume that \(\rho_1' \simeq \rho_2'\) as representations of the Lie algebra of \(G'_{\mathbb{C}}\). In this paper, the author studies the relations between the big theta lifts \(\Theta(\rho_i')\) which are representations of \(\tilde{G}_i\). Let \(\tau_1\) be an irreducible \(({\mathfrak{k}}, \tilde{M})\)-module and let \(\tau_2\) a \(\tilde{K}_2\)-type of \(\Theta(\rho_2')\). Suppose there exists a non-zero homomorphism \(T \in \mathrm{Hom}_{{\mathfrak{k}}_2,\tilde{M}}(\Theta(\rho_1'), \tau_1)\) such that \(\tau_2\) occurs in the image of the map \(\Gamma^j T : \Gamma^j \Theta(\rho_1') \rightarrow R^j(\Gamma^{{\mathfrak{k}}_2,\tilde{K}_2}_{{\mathfrak{k}}_2, \tilde{M}}) \tau_1\). Here \(\Gamma^j = R^j \Gamma_{{\mathfrak{g}},M}^{{\mathfrak{g}},K_2} \circ F\) where \(\Gamma_{{\mathfrak{g}},M}^{{\mathfrak{g}},K_2}\) is the Zuckerman functor and \(F\) is the forgetful function from the category of \(({\mathfrak{g}},K_1)\)-modules to the category of \(({\mathfrak{g}},M)\)-modules. Then the main theorem of this paper states that the two \(({\mathfrak{g}},\tilde{K}_2)\)-modules, \(\Gamma^j \Theta(\rho_1')\) and \(\Theta(\rho_2')\), have isomorphic irreducible subquotients generated by the \(K_2\)-type \(\tau_2\). One consequence of the main theorem is to give a shorter and more conceptual proof of a result of \textit{H. Y. Loke} et al. [Isr. J. Math. 201, Part A, 1--24 (2014; Zbl 1301.22009)]: Consider the dual pair \((G,G') = ({\mathrm{O}}(p,q), {\mathrm{Sp}}(2n,{\mathbb{R}}))\) where \(p+q\) is even and in stable range, i.e. \(p, q \geq 2n\) and \(\max(p,q) > 2n\). Let \(\Theta_{p,q}(1)\) denote the theta lift of the trivial representation of \({\mathrm{Sp}}(2n,{\mathbb{R}})\). Then \(\Gamma^{2nr} \Theta_{p,q}(1) = \Theta_{p+r,q-r}(1)\) . The proof of the main theorem is of independent interest. Let \((\omega,Y)\) be the Fock model of the oscillator representation of \(\widetilde{{\mathrm{Sp}}}(W)\). Given a seesaw pair \((G,G')\) and \((H,H')\) where \(H \subset G\) and \(G' \subset H'\), the main Lemma B states that \[ \omega(U({\mathfrak{g}})^{\tilde{H}}) = \omega(U({\mathfrak{h}}')^{\tilde{G}'}) \] as subalgebras of \({\mathrm{End}}_{\mathbb{C}}(Y)\).
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