Some external characterizations of SV-rings and hereditary rings.

Injective modules, self-injective associative rings (16D50) Simple and semisimple modules, primitive rings and ideals in associative algebras (16D60) Other classes of modules and ideals in associative algebras (16D80) Artinian rings and modules (associative rings and algebras) (16P20) Endomorphism rings; matrix rings (16S50)

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Let \(R\) be a ring, \(S\subset R\), and \(\text{Ann}_r(S)=\{a\in R\mid sa=0\) for all \(s\in S\}\). Then \(R\) is called a left AI-ring if every nonzero \(\text{Ann}_r(S)\) contains a nonzero idempotent, a (left) V-ring if every simple \(R\)-module is injective, a (left) semi-Artinian ring if every nonzero module has a nozero socle, and an SV-ring if \(R\) is a V-ring and a semi-Artinian ring. Then the authors characterize an SV-ring and a hereditary ring in terms of a left AI-ring, respectively. Theorem 1. The following statements are equivalent: (1) For every \(R\)-module \(M\), \(\text{End}_R(M)\) is left AI; (2) For every \(R\)-module \(M\) and every nonzero submodule \(N\) of \(M\), there exists an idempotent \(p\) of \(\text{End}_R(M)\) such that \(p(M)\subset N\); (3) Every nonzero \(R\)-module contains a nonzero injective submodule; and (4) \(R\) is a left SV-ring. Theorem~2. A ring \(R\) is left hereditary if and only if for every injective \(R\)-module \(M\), \(\text{End}_R(M)\) is right AI.

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