Gauge equivalence among quantum nonlinear many body systems

DOI10.1007/S10440-008-9213-7MaRDI QIDQ934833zbMATHOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Antonio M. Scarfone

Publication date 30 July 2008

Published in Acta Applicandae Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1103.0934

zbMATH Keywords

symmetryconservation lawvariational principleNLS equationnonlinear gauge transformation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational methods applied to PDEs (35A15) Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Lie-Bäcklund and other transformations for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K35)

Abstract: Transformations performing on the dependent and/or the independent variables are an useful method used to classify PDE in class of equivalence. In this paper we consider a large class of U(1)-invariant nonlinear Schr"odinger equations containing complex nonlinearities. The U(1) symmetry implies the existence of a continuity equation for the particle density $hoequiv|psi{|}^2$ where the current $$ has, in general, a nonlinear structure. We introduce a nonlinear gauge transformation on the dependent variables $ho$ and $$ which changes the evolution equation in another one containing only a real nonlinearity and transforms the particle current $$ in the standard bilinear form. We extend the method to U(1)-invariant coupled nonlinear Schr"odinger equations where the most general nonlinearity is taken into account through the sum of an Hermitian matrix and an anti-Hermitian matrix. By means of the nonlinear gauge transformation we change the nonlinear system in another one containing only a purely Hermitian nonlinearity. Finally, we consider nonlinear Schr"odinger equations minimally coupled with an Abelian gauge field whose dynamics is governed, in the most general fashion, through the Maxwell-Chern-Simons equation. It is shown that the nonlinear transformation we are introducing can be applied, in this case, separately to the gauge field or to the matter field with the same final result. In conclusion, some relevant examples are presented to show the applicability of the method.

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Cited in

(9)

• On gauge transformations of Bäcklund type and higher order nonlinear Schrödinger equations
• Nonlinear Gauge Transformation for a Quantum System Obeying an Exclusion-Inclusion Principle
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4060385 (Why is no real title available?)
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• Nonlinear transformation for a class of gauged Schrödinger equations with complex nonlinearities.
• Generalized gauge invariants for certain nonlinear Schrödinger equations
• Gauge transformations in quantum mechanics and the unification of nonlinear Schrödinger equations
• Cole-Hopf like transformation for a class of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations
• On the derivation and mathematical analysis of some quantum-mechanical models accounting for Fokker-Planck type dissipation: phase space, Schrödinger and hydrodynamic descriptions

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