Unstable surface waves in running water
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Publication:946522
DOI10.1007/S00220-008-0505-6zbMATH Open1170.35080arXiv0708.0541OpenAlexW2068247481MaRDI QIDQ946522FDOQ946522
Authors: Vera Mikyoung Hur, Zhiwu Lin 
Publication date: 23 September 2008
Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: We consider the stability of periodic gravity free-surface water waves traveling downstream at a constant speed over a shear flow of finite depth. In case the free surface is flat, a sharp criterion of linear instability is established for a general class of shear flows with inflection points and the maximal unstable wave number is found. Comparison to the rigid-wall setting testifies that free surface has a destabilizing effect. For a class of unstable shear flows, the bifurcation of nontrivial periodic traveling waves of small-amplitude is demonstrated at any wave number. We show the linear instability of small nontrivial waves bifurcated at an unstable wave number of the background shear flow. The proof uses a new formulation of the linearized water-wave problem and a perturbation argument. An example of the background shear flow of unstable small-amplitude periodic traveling waves is constructed for an arbitrary vorticity strength and for an arbitrary depth, illustrating that vorticity has a subtle influence on the stability of water waves.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0708.0541
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PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Water waves, gravity waves; dispersion and scattering, nonlinear interaction (76B15) Parallel shear flows in hydrodynamic stability (76E05)
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