A new proof of existence of a bound state in the quantum Coulomb field. II

DOI10.1016/S0034-4877(09)90034-9MaRDI QIDQ963228zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Andrzej Staruszkiewicz

Publication date 8 April 2010

Published in Reports on Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0406270

zbMATH Keywords

fine structure constant

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) Covariant wave equations in quantum theory, relativistic quantum mechanics (81R20)

Abstract: Let S(x) be a massless scalar quantum field which lives on the three-dimensional hyperboloid $xx=(x^0{)}^2-(x^1{)}^2-(x^2{)}^2-(x^3{)}^2=-1.$ The classical action is assumed to be $(hbar=1=c)(8pi{e}^2{)}^{-1}intdx{g}^{ik}partia{l}_{i}Spartia{l}_{k}S$, where $e^2$ is the coupling constant, $dx$ is the invariant measure on the de Sitter hyperboloid $xx=-1$ and $g_{ik},i,k=1,2,3$, is the internal metric on this hyperboloid. Let $u$ be a fixed four-velocity. The field $S(u)=(1/4pi)intdxdelta(ux)S(x)$is smooth enough to be exponentiated. We prove that if $0<e^2<pi$, then the state $|u>=exp(-iS(u))mid0>$, where $mid0>$ is the Lorentz invariant vacuum state, contains a normalizable eigenstate of the Casimir operator $C_1=-(1/2)M_{muu}{M}^{muu}$; $M_{muu}$ are generators of the proper orthochronous Lorentz group. This theorem was first proven by the Author in 1992 in his contribution to the Czyz Festschrift, see Erratum {it Acta Phys. Pol. B} {�f 23}, 959 (1992). In this paper a completely different proof is given: we derive the partial, differential equation satisfied by the matrix element $<umidexp(-sigma{C}_1)midu>,sigma>0$, and show that the function $exp(z)cdot(1-z)cdotexp[-sigmaz(2-z)],z=e^2/pi$, is an exact solution of this differential equation, recovering thus both the eigenvalue and the probability of occurrence of the bound state.

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