Relations between invasion percolation and critical percolation in two dimensions

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Abstract: We study invasion percolation in two dimensions. We compare connectivity properties of the origin's invaded region to those of (a) the critical percolation cluster of the origin and (b) the incipient infinite cluster. To exhibit similarities, we show that for any kgeq1, the k-point function of the first so-called pond has the same asymptotic behavior as the probability that k points are in the critical cluster of the origin. More prominent, though, are the differences. We show that there are infinitely many ponds that contain many large disjoint pc-open clusters. Further, for k>1, we compute the exact decay rate of the distribution of the radius of the kth pond and see that it differs from that of the radius of the critical cluster of the origin. We finish by showing that the invasion percolation measure and the incipient infinite cluster measure are mutually singular.


The paper compares connectivity properties of the origin's invaded region to those of the critical percolation cluster of the origin and the incipient infinite cluster. The invasion model was introduced by \textit{R. Lenormand} and \textit{S. Bories} [C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. 291, 279--282 (1980)] and \textit{R. Chandler, J. Koplik, K. Lerman} and \textit{J. F. Willemsen} [Fluid. Mech. 119, 249--267 (1982; Zbl 0491.76090)], and the incipient infinite cluster by \textit{H. Kesten} [Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 73, 369--394 (1986; Zbl 0584.60098)]. It is shown that the \(k\)-point function of the first so-called pond has the same asymptotic behavior as the probability that \(k\) points are in the critical cluster of the origin. Conversely there are many differences. There are infinitely many ponds that contain many large disjoint \(p_c\)-open clusters. For \(k>1\), the decay rate of the distribution of the radius of the \(k\)th pond differs from that of the radius of the critical cluster of the origin. Finally, it is shown that the invasion percolation measure and the incipient infinite cluster measure are mutually singular.




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