The Cohen-Lenstra heuristic: methodology and results

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2010.01.016MaRDI QIDQ975100zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Johannes Lengler

Publication date 8 June 2010

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.4975

zbMATH Keywords

class groupsCohen-Lenstra heuristicfinite Abelian groupsprobability distributionprobability measurerandom matrices

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relations with random matrices (11M50) Class numbers, class groups, discriminants (11R29) Probabilistic methods in group theory (20P05) Probability measures on groups or semigroups, Fourier transforms, factorization (60B15)

Abstract: In number theory, great efforts have been undertaken to study the Cohen-Lenstra probability measure on the set of all finite abelian $p$-groups. On the other hand, group theorists have studied a probability measure on the set of all partitions induced by the probability that a randomly chosen $nimesn$-matrix over $F{F}_p$ is contained in a conjucagy class associated with this partitions, for $noinfty$. This paper shows that both probability measures are identical. As a consequence, a multitide of results can be transferred from each theory to the other one. The paper contains a survey about the known methods to study the probability measure and about the results that have been obtained so far, from both communities.

Review text

\textit{H. Cohen} and \textit{H. W. Lenstra} jun. conjectured that the sequence of class groups of quadratic number fields behaves like a random sequence with respect to a certain probability distribution on the space of all finite abelian groups [Number theory, Proc. Journ. arith., Noodwijkerhout/Neth. 1983, Lect. Notes Math. 1068, 33--62 (1984; Zbl 0558.12002)]. This probability distribution is based on the heuristic that probability for a group to occur should be inverse proportional to the number of its automorphisms. On the other hand, group theorists have studied a probability measure on the set of all partitions induced by the probability that a randomly chosen \(n\times n\)-matrix over \({\mathbb F}_p\) is contained in a conjugacy class associated with these partitions, for \(n\to\infty\). The two probability measures are connected to each other. The author gives an overview of the state of art.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(27)

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• The global Cohen-Lenstra heuristic
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