Langlands (L)-functions; one variable Dirichlet series and functional equations (11F66) Spectral theory; trace formulas (e.g., that of Selberg) (11F72) Nonreal zeros of (zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)); Riemann and other hypotheses (11M26) Selberg zeta functions and regularized determinants; applications to spectral theory, Dirichlet series, Eisenstein series, etc. (explicit formulas) (11M36) Zeta functions and (L)-functions of number fields (11R42) Zeta functions and (L)-functions (11S40) Noncommutative geometry (à la Connes) (58B34) Spectral problems; spectral geometry; scattering theory on manifolds (58J50)
From the abstract: We define, answering a question of Sarnak in his letter to Bombieri, a symplectic pairing on the spectral interpretation (due to \textit{A. Connes} [``Trace formula in noncommutative geometry and the zeros of the Riemann zeta function, Sel. Math., New Ser. 5, No. 1, 29--106 (1999; Zbl 0945.11015)] and \textit{R. Meyer} [``On a representation of the idele class group related to primes and zeros of \(L\)-functions, Duke Math. J. 127, No. 3, 519--595 (2005; Zbl 1079.11044)]) of the zeros of Riemann's zeta function. This pairing gives a purely spectral formulation of the proof of the functional equation due to Tate, Weil and Iwasawa, which, in the case of a curve over a finite field, corresponds to the usual geometric proof by the use of the Frobenius-equivariant Poincaré duality pairing in étale cohomology. We give another example of a similar construction in the case of the spectral interpretation of the zeros of a cuspidal automorphic \(L\)-function, but this time of an orthogonal nature. These constructions are in adequation with Deninger's conjectural program and the arithmetic theory of random matrices.
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