Gauge fixing, BRS invariance and Ward identities for randomly stirred flows

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2009.01.014zbMATH Open1194.76032arXiv0902.1611OpenAlexW2085394931MaRDI QIDQ993206FDOQ993206

Authors: Arjun Berera, David Hochberg 

Publication date: 10 September 2010

Published in: Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The Galilean invariance of the Navier-Stokes equation is shown to be akin to a global gauge symmetry familiar from quantum field theory. This symmetry leads to a multiple counting of infinitely many inertial reference frames in the path integral approach to randomly stirred fluids. This problem is solved by fixing the gauge, i.e., singling out one reference frame. The gauge fixed theory has an underlying Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS) symmetry which leads to the Ward identity relating the exact inverse response and vertex functions. This identification of Galilean invariance as a gauge symmetry is explored in detail, for different gauge choices and by performing a rigorous examination of a discretized version of the theory. The Navier-Stokes equation is also invariant under arbitrary rectilinear frame accelerations, known as extended Galilean invariance (EGI). We gauge fix this extended symmetry and derive the generalized Ward identity that follows from the BRS invariance of the gauge-fixed theory. This new Ward identity reduces to the standard one in the limit of zero acceleration. This gauge-fixing approach unambiguously shows that Galilean invariance and EGI constrain only the zero mode of the vertex but none of the higher wavenumber modes.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0902.1611

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) Path integrals in quantum mechanics (81S40) Renormalization and other field-theoretical methods for turbulence (76F30)

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Cited In (2)

• A hydrodynamic generalization of Ward's identity
• The Clebsch potential approach to fluid Lagrangians

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