Weighted Weierstrass' theorem with first derivatives

Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35)

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Let \(w:\mathbb R\to[0,+\infty]\) a measurable function and \(L^\infty(w)\) the space of measurable functions \(f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\) such that \[ \|f\|:\text{ess\,sup}|f(x)|w(t)\mid< +\infty,\;x\in\mathbb R, \] with the convention \(0 \cdot\infty=0\). In this paper, the authors characterize the closure of \(C(\mathbb R)\) in \(L^\infty(w)\) for any weight \(w\) and as a consequence they obtain the set of functions which can be approximated in \(L^\infty(w)\) by polynomials for any weight with compact support. Moreover, under suitable conditions, they give analogous characterizations for the set of functions which can be approximated by smooth functions in the Sobolev space \(W^{1,\infty}(w_0,w_1)\).

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