Qualitative properties of the Dirac equation in a central potential

DOI10.1088/0305-4470/32/30/310MaRDI QIDQ4947697zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Pietro Santorelli, Giampiero Esposito

Publication date 25 April 2000

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9902021

zbMATH Keywords

anomalous magnetic momentcoupled eigenvalue equationsessential self-adjointnessradial partssquared Dirac operatorWeyl limit point-limit circle criterion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Weyl theory and its generalizations for ordinary differential equations (34B20) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10)

Abstract: The Dirac equation for a massive spin-1/2 field in a central potential V in three dimensions is studied without fixing a priori the functional form of V. The second-order equations for the radial parts of the spinor wave function are shown to involve a squared Dirac operator for the free case, whose essential self-adjointness is proved by using the Weyl limit point-limit circle criterion, and a `perturbation' resulting from the potential. One then finds that a potential of Coulomb type in the Dirac equation leads to a potential term in the above second-order equations which is not even infinitesimally form-bounded with respect to the free operator. Moreover, the conditions ensuring essential self-adjointness of the second-order operators in the interacting case are changed with respect to the free case, i.e. they are expressed by a majorization involving the parameter in the Coulomb potential and the angular momentum quantum number. The same methods are applied to the analysis of coupled eigenvalue equations when the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron is not neglected.

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Cited in

(10)

• On properties of the discrete and continuous spectrum for the radial Dirac equation
• Dirac equation in an axial Coulomb potential
• The construction of Dirac wave packets for a fermionic particle non-minimally coupling with an external magnetic field
• Quantum flavor oscillations extended to the Dirac theory
• Dirac resonance energies for central potentials with different Lorentz-type potential couplings
• Spectral properties of the Dirac equation with anomalous magnetic moment
• Semiclassical approximation of the Dirac equation in a central field
• Group theoretic approach for a Dirac particle in Coulomb-like potentials
• Self-energy operator for an electron in an external Coulomb potential
• ``Fall toward the centre in quasipotential theory

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