Quantum Walk on Orbit Spaces

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVA.107.062202MaRDI QIDQ6422893zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Satoshi Ohya

Publication date 9 January 2023

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.107.062202

Abstract: Inspired by the covering-space method in path integral on multiply connected spaces, we here present a universal formula of time-evolution kernels for continuous- and discrete-time quantum walks on orbit spaces. In this note, we focus on the case in which walkers' configuration space is the orbit space $Lambda/Gamma$, where $Lambda$ is an arbitrary lattice and $Gamma$ is a discrete group whose action on $Lambda$ has no fixed points. We show that the time-evolution kernel on $Lambda/Gamma$ can be written as a weighted sum of time-evolution kernels on $Lambda$, where the summation is over the orbit of initial point in $Lambda$ and weight factors are given by a one-dimensional unitary representation of $Gamma$. Focusing on one dimension, we present a number of examples of the formula. We also present universal formulas of resolvent kernels, canonical density matrices, and unitary representations of arbitrary groups in quantum walks on $Lambda/Gamma$, all of which are constructed in exactly the same way as for the time-evolution kernel.

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