Quantum probability theory

DOI10.1016/J.SHPSB.2006.05.006MaRDI QIDQ643121zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Stephen Jeffrey Summers, Miklós Rédei

Publication date 27 October 2011

Published in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Part B. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0601158, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/49719/1/__Libfile_repository_Content_R%C3%A9dei%2C%20M_Redei_Quantum_%20Probability_Theory_R%C3%A9dei_%20Quantum_probabilty_theory.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

operator algebras probability theory quantum theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classifications of (C^*)-algebras (46L35) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Applications of selfadjoint operator algebras to physics (46L60) Applications of functional analysis in quantum physics (46N50) General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05) Operator algebra methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R15) Quantum stochastic calculus (81S25)

Abstract: The mathematics of classical probability theory was subsumed into classical measure theory by Kolmogorov in 1933. Quantum theory as nonclassical probability theory was incorporated into the beginnings of noncommutative measure theory by von Neumann in the early thirties, as well. To precisely this end, von Neumann initiated the study of what are now called von Neumann algebras and, with Murray, made a first classification of such algebras into three types. The nonrelativistic quantum theory of systems with finitely many degrees of freedom deals exclusively with type I algebras. However, for the description of further quantum systems, the other types of von Neumann algebras are indispensable. The paper reviews quantum probability theory in terms of general von Neumann algebras, stressing the similarity of the conceptual structure of classical and noncommutative probability theories and emphasizing the correspondence between the classical and quantum concepts, though also indicating the nonclassical nature of quantum probabilistic predictions. In addition, differences between the probability theories in the type I, II and III settings are explained. A brief description is given of quantum systems for which probability theory based on type I algebras is known to be insufficient. These illustrate the physical significance of the previously mentioned differences.

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