Quantum to Classical Transitions via Weak Measurements and Post-Selection

DOI10.1142/9781786341419_0012MaRDI QIDQ2975839zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Eliahu Cohen, Y. Aharonov

Publication date 12 April 2017

Published in Quantum Structural Studies (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.05083

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15)

Abstract: This work will incorporate a few related tools for addressing the conceptual difficulties arising from sewing together classical and quantum mechanics: deterministic operators, weak measurements and post-selection. Weak Measurement, based on a very weak von Neumann coupling, is a unique kind of quantum measurement with numerous theoretical and practical applications. In contrast to other measurement techniques, it allows to gather a small amount of information regarding the quantum system, with only a negligible probability of collapsing it. A single weak measurement yields an almost random outcome, but when performed repeatedly over a large ensemble, the averaged outcome becomes increasingly robust and accurate. Importantly, a long sequence of weak measurements can be thought of as a single projective measurement. I claim in this work that classical variables appearing in the macro-world, such as centre of mass, moment of inertia, pressure and average forces, result from a multitude of quantum weak measurements performed in the micro-world. Here again, the quantum outcomes are highly uncertain, but the law of large numbers obliges their convergence to the definite quantities we know from our everyday lives. By augmenting this description with a final boundary condition and employing the notion of "classical robustness under time-reversal" I will draw a quantitative borderline between the classical and quantum regimes. I will conclude by analyzing the role of macroscopic systems in amplifying and recording quantum outcomes.

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Cited in

(7)

• What weak measurements and weak values really mean: reply to Kastner
• The universe remembers no wavefunction collapse
• Quantum to Classical Transition by a Classically Small Interaction
• Past of a particle in an entangled state
• Time-symmetry and topology of the Aharonov–Bohm effect
• Time and event symmetry in quantum mechanics
• Classicalization of quantum state of detector by amplification process

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