Quaternionic hyperbolic Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates

DOI10.1007/S10711-018-0347-0MaRDI QIDQ1736084zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Krishnendu Gongopadhyay, Sagar B. Kalane

Publication date 29 March 2019

Published in Geometriae Dedicata (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.06044

zbMATH Keywords

character varietyfree group representationshyperbolic spaceloxodromicquaternions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) (15B33) Fuchsian groups and their generalizations (group-theoretic aspects) (20H10) Kleinian groups (aspects of compact Riemann surfaces and uniformization) (30F40) Hyperbolic and elliptic geometries (general) and generalizations (51M10) General geometric structures on low-dimensional manifolds (57M50)

Abstract: Let $Sp(2,1)$ be the isometry group of the quaternionic hyperbolic plane $$. An element $g$ in $Sp(2,1)$ is `hyperbolic' if it fixes exactly two points on the boundary of $$. We classify pairs of hyperbolic elements in $Sp(2,1)$ up to conjugation. A hyperbolic element of $Sp(2,1)$ is called `loxodromic' if it has no real eigenvalue. We show that the set of $Sp(2,1)$ conjugation orbits of irreducible loxodromic pairs is a $(mathbbC{mathbbP}^1{)}^4$-bundle over a topological space that is locally a semi-analytic subspace of ${mathbbR}^{13}$. We use the above classification to show that conjugation orbits of `geometric' representations of a closed surface group (of genus $ggeq2$) into $Sp(2,1)$ can be determined by a system of $42g-42$ real parameters. Further, we consider the groups $Sp(1,1)$ and $GL(2,mathbbH)$. These groups also act by the orientation-preserving isometries of the four and five dimensional real hyperbolic spaces respectively. We classify conjugation orbits of pairs of hyperbolic elements in these groups. These classifications determine conjugation orbits of `geometric' surface group representations into these groups.

Review text

This paper deals with spaces of representations of discrete groups in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\), the group of isometries of the quaternionic hyperbolic plane. In particular it considers the space of representations of the free group on two generators and of surface groups. There are several types of hyperbolic elements in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\), according to the number of real eigenvalues. An element is called loxodromic if it has no real (similarity classes of) eigenvalues. Notice that as the ring of the quaternions is not commutative, eigenvalues in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\) are not well defined, but their similarity or conjugacy class is. The first result of the paper is a precise description of the variety of irreducible representations, up to conjugation, of a free group on two generators in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\) such that the image of both generators is loxodromic. It is shown to have dimension 21, which is precisely the dimension of \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\). Other situations where the generators are mapped to other kinds of hyperbolic isometries are briefly discussed, in particular their dimensions are strictly less. Then this result is applied to a study of the space of geometric representations of closed orientable surface groups in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\), where geometric means that the image of curves in a pants decomposition is loxodromic and the restriction to each pair of pants is irreducible. This space has dimension minus the Euler characteristic of the surface times the dimension of \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\). Representations in the groups of isometries of 5- and 4-dimensional hyperbolic spaces are discussed. The authors introduce the so called projective points of an isometry in \(\mathrm{Sp}(2,1)\), that are used in the classification.

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Cited in

(10)

• Quaternionic hyperbolic Fuchsian groups.
• Reversible quaternionic hyperbolic isometries
• On conjugation orbits of semisimple pairs in rank one
• A better proof of the Goldman-Parker conjecture.
• Open sets of maximal dimension in complex hyperbolic quasi-Fuchsian space
• Complex Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates with small imaginary parts
• Complex hyperbolic free groups with many parabolic elements
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4169549 (Why is no real title available?)
• LOCAL COORDINATES FOR COMPLEX AND QUATERNIONIC HYPERBOLIC PAIRS
• The z-classes of quaternionic hyperbolic isometries

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