Rational classification and confluence of regular singular difference systems

DOI10.5802/AIF.2224MaRDI QIDQ877544zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. Roques

Publication date 24 April 2007

Published in Annales de l’institut Fourier (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0610596, http://www.numdam.org/item?id=AIF_2006__56_6_1663_0, https://eudml.org/doc/10188

zbMATH Keywords

connection matrixfactorial seriesFuchsian systemgamma functionholomorphic at infinitymonodromynormal formrational gauge transformation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities, monodromy and local behavior of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain, normal forms (34M35) Stokes phenomena and connection problems (linear and nonlinear) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M40) Discrete version of topics in analysis (39A12) Difference operators (39A70)

Abstract: By using meromorphic "characters" and "logarithms" built up from Euler's Gamma function, and by using convergent factorial series, we will give, in a first pat, a "normal form" to the solutions of a singular regular system. It will enable us to define a connexion matrix for a regular singular system. Following one of Birkhoff's idea, we will then study its link with the problem of rational classification of system. In a second part, we will be interested in the confluence of fuchsian difference systems to differential systems. We will show more particularly how we can get, under some natural hypotheses, the local monodromies of a limit differential system from the connection matrices of the deformation that we consider. The use of factorial series (which can diverge as power series) distinguish regular singular difference systems from their differential and q-difference analogues and make their study more difficult. En choisissant des "caracteres" et des "logarithmes", meromorphes sur le plan complexe, construits a l'aide de la fonction Gamma d'Euler, et en utilisant des series de factorielles convergentes, nous sommes en mesure, dans une premiere partie, de donner une "forme normale" pour les solutions d'un systeme aux differences singulier regulier. Nous pouvons alors definir une matrice de connexion d'un tel systeme. Nous etudions ensuite, suivant une idee de G.D. Birkhoff, le lien de celles-ci avec le probleme de la classification rationnelle des systemes. Dans une deuxieme partie, nous nous interessons la confluence des systemes aux differences fuchsiens vers les systemes differentiels. Nous montrons en particulier comment, sous certaines hypotheses naturelles, on peut reconstituer les monodromies locales d'un systeme differentiel limite a partir des matrices meromorphes de connexion des deformations considerees. Le point central, qui distingue en profondeur les systemes aux differences singuliers reguliers de leurs homonymes differentiels ou aux q-differences et qui rend leur etude plus complexe, est la necessaire utilisation de series de factorielles (qui peuvent diverger en tant que series de puissances).

Review text

A system of difference equations \[ Y(x-1) = A(x)Y(x), \quad A \in Gl_{n}(\mathbb C(x)) \] is called Fuchsian if \(A\) is holomorphic at infinity and \(A(\infty) = I.\) It is called regular singular if it can be transformed into a Fuchsian system through a rational gauge transformation. The author gives a ``normal form to regular singular systems, defines a connexion matrix and studies its links with Birkhoff's problem of rational classification of such systems. Then the author studies the confluence of Fuchsian differential systems to differential systems. The approach uses meromorphic ``characters and ``logarithms built up from gamma function and factorial series.

Recommendations

• Systèmes aux \(q\)-différences singuliers réguliers : classification, matrice de connexion et monodromie. (Regular singular \(q\)-difference systems: Classification, connection matrix and monodromy)
• Confluence of \(q\)-difference to difference for a Fuchsian system
• Matrice de connexion d'un système aux q-différences confluant vers un système différentiel et matrices de monodromie
• Regular singular points as isomonodromic confluences of Fuchsian singular points
• Confluence of several regular singular points into an irregular singular one

Cites work

• q-factorial series, q-difference operators and confluence
• Analytic theory of difference equations with rational and elliptic coefficients and the Riemann-Hilbert problem
• Confluence of \(q\)-difference to difference for a Fuchsian system
• Convergent factorial series solutions of linear difference equations
• Familles fuchsiennes d’équations aux ($q$-)différences et confluence
• Galois theory of difference equations
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3204018 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3367490 (Why is no real title available?)
• Summability of divergent series
• Systèmes aux \(q\)-différences singuliers réguliers : classification, matrice de connexion et monodromie. (Regular singular \(q\)-difference systems: Classification, connection matrix and monodromy)

Cited in

(9)

• Systèmes aux \(q\)-différences singuliers réguliers : classification, matrice de connexion et monodromie. (Regular singular \(q\)-difference systems: Classification, connection matrix and monodromy)
• Confluence of \(q\)-difference to difference for a Fuchsian system
• q-factorial series, q-difference operators and confluence
• Familles fuchsiennes d’équations aux ($q$-)différences et confluence
• La classification des systèmes aux q--différences singuliers réguliers par la matrice de connexion de Birkhoff
• Matrice de connexion d'un système aux q-différences confluant vers un système différentiel et matrices de monodromie
• Regular singular points as isomonodromic confluences of Fuchsian singular points
• Solvability of linear differential systems with small exponents in the Liouvillian sense
• Confluence of meromorphic solutions of q-difference equations

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