Reducing quadratic forms by kneading sequences

MaRDI QIDQ5246223zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Barry R. Smith

Publication date 20 April 2015

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.4631, http://www.emis.de/journals/JIS/VOL17/Smith/smith5.html

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zbMATH Keywords

binary quadratic formscaliberclass numberdiscriminantreduced forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Multiplicative structure; Euclidean algorithm; greatest common divisors (11A05) Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25)

Abstract: We introduce an invertible operation on finite sequences of positive integers and call it "kneading". Kneading preserves three invariants of sequences -- the parity of the length, the sum of the entries, and one we call the "alternant". We provide a bijection between the set of sequences with alternant $a$ and parity $s$ and the set of Zagier-reduced indefinite binary quadratic forms with discriminant $a^2+(-1{)}^{s}cdot4$, and show that kneading corresponds to Zagier reduction of the corresponding forms. It follows that the sum of a sequence is a class invariant of the corresponding form. We conclude with some observations and conjectures concerning this new invariant.

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Cited in

(2)

• Constructing minimal periods of quadratic irrationalities in Zagier's reduction theory
• End-symmetric continued fractions and quadratic congruences

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