Refined Dynkin data for nilpotent elements

DOI10.1006/AIMA.1994.1028MaRDI QIDQ1328488zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Vladimir Hinich

Publication date 26 February 1996

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1006/aima.1994.1028

zbMATH Keywords

Borel subalgebraBorel subgroupBott-Samelson schemeCartan algebracomplex semisimple Lie groupDynkin datumDynkin diagramflag varietyLie algebranilpotent elements

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lie algebras of vector fields and related (super) algebras (17B66) General properties and structure of complex Lie groups (22E10) Lie algebras of Lie groups (22E60)

Review text

For a complex semisimple Lie group \(G\), whose Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\) acts by vector fields on the flag variety \({\mathcal B} (G/B)\), the class \(\text{cl}_B(x)\) (Cartan algebra of \(\mathfrak g\)) of nilpotent elements \(x \in \mathfrak g\) with respect to the Borel subgroup \(B \in {\mathcal B}\) in \(G\) is defined and studied in detail. The class \(\text{cl}_B(x)\) is treated as the homology class of an integral (algebraic) curve passing through \(B\) of the vector field defined by nilpotent elements \(x\) and belongs to the lattice \({\mathfrak h}_\mathbb{Z}\) generated in the Cartan algebra \(\mathfrak h\) by the dual roots. The investigation is based on the use of the ``refined weighted Dynkin diagram [\textit{E. B. Dynkin}, Trudy Moskovsk. mat. Obshch. 1, 39-166 (1952; Zbl 0048.016); \textit{B. Kostant}, Am. J. Math. 81, 973-1032 (1959; Zbl 0099.256)] corresponding to the orbit \({\mathfrak O} =^Gx\) defined by a nilpotent element \(x \in {\mathfrak g}\) and considered here as a linear form \({\mathfrak h}^* \in {\mathfrak h}\) called Dynkin datum \(D_0\). It is shown that the Dynkin datum \(D_0\) coincides with the class \(\text{cl}_B(x)\) for \(x\) belonging to an open subset \({\mathcal U} \in {\mathfrak O}\) which is the image of the ``big cell of \(G\) where the class \(\text{cl}_B(x)\) takes a finite set of values and is constant. In the description of the possible values of these classes the Bott-Samelson scheme \(Z\) [\textit{R. Bott} and \textit{R. Samelson}, Sympos. Int. Topologia Algebraica 282-284 (1958; Zbl 0101.397)] the choice of which depends on \(w \in W\) where \(W\) is the Weyl algebra and where there is a morphism \(\mu : Z \to G/B\) are used. Thus, as the main result of the paper, a complete description (calculation) of the classes \(\text{cl}_B(x)\) for any regular nilpotent element \(x \in n^+\) and for any choice of the Bott-Samelson scheme \(Z\) is obtained.

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