Relative Interlevel Set Cohomology Categorifies Extended Persistence Diagrams

MaRDI QIDQ6400595zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Ulrich Bauer, Benedikt Fluhr

Publication date 30 May 2022

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lattices (06B99) Grothendieck groups, (K)-theory, etc. (16E20) Representations of quivers and partially ordered sets (16G20) Auslander-Reiten sequences (almost split sequences) and Auslander-Reiten quivers (16G70) Sheaf cohomology in algebraic topology (55N30) Persistent homology and applications, topological data analysis (55N31) Topological data analysis (62R40)

Abstract: The extended persistence diagram introduced by Cohen-Steiner, Edelsbrunner, and Harer is an invariant of real-valued continuous functions, which are $mathbbF$-tame in the sense that all open interlevel sets have degree-wise finite-dimensional cohomology with coefficients in a fixed field $mathbbF$. We show that relative interlevel set cohomology (RISC), which is based on the Mayer--Vietoris pyramid by Carlsson, de Silva, and Morozov, categorifies this invariant. More specifically, we define an abelian Frobenius category $mathrmpres(mathcalJ)$ of presheaves, which are presentable in a certain sense, such that the RISC $h(f)$ of an $mathbbF$-tame function $fcolonXightarrowmathbbR$ is an object of $mathrmpres(mathcalJ)$, and moreover the extended persistence diagram of $f$ uniquely determines - and is determined by - the corresponding element $[h(f)]in{K}_0(mathrmpres(mathcalJ))$ in the Grothendieck group $K_0(mathrmpres(mathcalJ))$ of the abelian category $mathrmpres(mathcalJ)$. As an intermediate step we show that $mathrmpres(mathcalJ)$ is the abelianization of the (localized) category of complexes of $mathbbF$-linear sheaves on $mathbbR$, which are tame in the sense that sheaf cohomology of any open interval is finite-dimensional in each degree. This yields a close link between derived level set persistence by Curry, Kashiwara, and Schapira and the categorification of extended persistence diagrams.

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