Robust Functional Principal Component Analysis via a Functional Pairwise Spatial Sign Operator
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Abstract: Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) has been widely used to capture major modes of variation and reduce dimensions in functional data analysis. However, standard FPCA based on the sample covariance estimator does not work well in the presence of outliers. To address this challenge, a new robust functional principal component analysis approach based on the functional pairwise spatial sign (PASS) operator, termed PASS FPCA, is introduced where we propose estimation procedures for both eigenfunctions and eigenvalues with and without measurement error. Compared to existing robust FPCA methods, the proposed one requires weaker distributional assumptions to conserve the eigenspace of the covariance function. In particular, a class of distributions called the weakly functional coordinate symmetric (weakly FCS) is introduced that allows for severe asymmetry and is strictly larger than the functional elliptical distribution class, the latter of which has been well used in the robust statistics literature. The robustness of the PASS FPCA is demonstrated via simulation studies and analyses of accelerometry data from a large-scale epidemiological study of physical activity on older women that partly motivates this work.
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Cited in
(7)- Robust functional principal component analysis for non-Gaussian longitudinal data
- Nonlinear sufficient dimension reduction for conditional quantiles in scalar-on-function single-index models
- Robust functional principal component analysis for non-Euclidean random objects
- Robust selection and estimation for sparse multivariate functional nonparametric additive models via regularized huber regression
- A new non-parametric Kendall's tau for matrix-valued elliptical observations
- Robust inverse regression for multivariate elliptical functional data
- Dimension reduction for the conditional quantiles of functional data with categorical predictors
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