Robust toric ideals

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Abstract: We call an ideal in a polynomial ring robust if it can be minimally generated by a universal Gr"obner basis. In this paper we show that robust toric ideals generated by quadrics are essentially determinantal. We then discuss two possible generalizations to higher degree, providing a tight classification for determinantal ideals, and a counterexample to a natural extension for Lawrence ideals. We close with a discussion of robustness of higher Betti numbers.


Let \( S:=K[x_1,\dots,x_n]\) be a polynomial ring over a field \(K\). An ideal \(I\subset S\) is robust if its universal Gröbner basis is a minimal set of generators, that is it is a Gröbner basis for all possible term orders. Robustness is a very strong condition and there are few examples of robust ideals, for example the ideal of maximal minors of a generic matrix of variables is robust. Lawrence ideals are also known to be robust. The main result in this paper is the following: Let \(F\) be a set of irreducible homogeneous binomials that minimally generate an ideal (non degenerate in the sense that \(F\) cant be partitioned into disjoint sets of polynomials in distinct variables). If \(F\) consists of binomials of degree two then the following conditions are equivalent: \(\bullet\) The ideal generated by \(F\) is robust, \(\bullet\) \(|F|=1\) or \(F\) consists of the \(2\times 2\) minors of a generic \(2\times n\) matrix. Furthermore, in higher degree, it is not true that the robustness of \((F)\) implies that it is a determinantal or a Lawrence ideal.





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