Scaling limit for a class of gradient fields with nonconvex potentials

DOI10.1214/10-AOP548MaRDI QIDQ624661zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. Biskup, Herbert Spohn

Publication date 9 February 2011

Published in The Annals of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3086

zbMATH Keywords

Gaussian free fieldgradient fieldsnonconvex potentialscaling limitzero tilt

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Random walks, random surfaces, lattice animals, etc. in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B41)

Abstract: We consider gradient fields $(ph{i}_x:xinmathbb{Z}^d)$ whose law takes the Gibbs--Boltzmann form $Z^{-1}exp-su{m}_{<x,y>}V(ph{i}_y-ph{i}_x)$, where the sum runs over nearest neighbors. We assume that the potential $V$ admits the representation [V(eta):=-logintvarrho({d}kappa)exp�iggl[-{1/2}kappaet a^2�iggr],] where $varrho$ is a positive measure with compact support in $(0,infty)$. Hence, the potential $V$ is symmetric, but nonconvex in general. While for strictly convex $V$'s, the translation-invariant, ergodic gradient Gibbs measures are completely characterized by their tilt, a nonconvex potential as above may lead to several ergodic gradient Gibbs measures with zero tilt. Still, every ergodic, zero-tilt gradient Gibbs measure for the potential $V$ above scales to a Gaussian free field.

Review text

The authors consider the scaling limit of gradient Gibbs measures (GGM) with non-convex potentials. While for stricly convex potentials, the translation-invariant, ergodic GGMs are completely characterized by their tilt, a non-convex potential may lead to several ergodic gradient measures with zero tilt [the first author and \textit{R. Kotecký}, Probab. Theory Related Fields 139, 1--39 (2007; Zbl 1120.82003)]. Here, the tilt represents the average incline of typical configurations. The main result of the paper is that every translation-invariant, ergodic GGM with zero tilt and a possibly non-convex potential of the form \[ V(\eta) = -\log \int \varrho(d\kappa) \exp\left[ -\frac{1}{2} \kappa \eta^2 \right] \] scales to a Gaussian free field. In the final section of the paper the authors discuss the open question of whether this result also holds for GGMs with non-zero tilt.

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Cited in

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