Semiparametric estimation of structural nested mean models with irregularly spaced longitudinal observations
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Abstract: Structural Nested Mean Models (SNMMs) are useful for causal inference of treatment effects in longitudinal observational studies. Most existing works assume that the data are collected at pre-fixed time points for all subjects, which, however, is restrictive in practice. To deal with irregularly spaced observations, we assume a class of continuous-time SNMMs and a martingale condition of no unmeasured confounding (NUC) to identify the causal parameters. We develop the first semiparametric efficiency theory and locally efficient estimators for continuous-time SNMMs. This task is non-trivial due to the restrictions from the NUC assumption imposed on the SNMM parameter. In the presence of dependent censoring, we propose an inverse probability of censoring weighting estimator, which achieves a multiple robustness feature in that it is unbiased if either the model for the treatment process or the potential outcome mean function is correctly specified, regardless whether the censoring model is correctly specified. The new framework allows us to conduct causal analysis respecting the underlying continuous-time nature of the data processes. We estimate the effect of time to initiate highly active antiretroviral therapy on the CD4 count at year 2 from the observational Acute Infection and Early Disease Research Program database.
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1487685
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 490141 (Why is no real title available?)
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Cited in
(10)- Continuous-time targeted minimum loss-based estimation of intervention-specific mean outcomes
- Optimal restricted estimation for more efficient longitudinal causal inference
- Causal inference for continuous-time processes when covariates are observed only at discrete times
- Sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding in coarse structural nested mean models
- Semiparametric estimation of structural failure time models in continuous-time processes
- Data fusion methods for the heterogeneity of treatment effect and confounding function
- Doubly robust omnibus sensitivity analysis of externally controlled trials with intercurrent events
- Functional principal component analysis with informative observation times
- Estimating spatially varying health effects of wildland fire smoke using mobile health data
- Multiply robust estimation of marginal structural models in observational studies subject to covariate-driven observations
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