Signed Mahonians

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Abstract: A classical result of MacMahon gives a simple product formula for the generating function of major index over the symmetric group. A similar factorial-type product formula for the generating function of major index together with sign was given by Gessel and Simion. Several extensions are given in this paper, including a recurrence formula, a specialization at roots of unity and type B analogues.


In the last years, enumeration over the symmetric group was strengthened taking into account also the sign of each permutation. \textit{J. Désarménien} and \textit{D. Foata} [Discrete Math. 99, 49--58 (1992; Zbl 0769.05094)] proved a formula for the signed generating function of the descent number (so-called signed Eulerian), Gessel and Simion for the signed generating function of the major index (so-called signed Mahonian). The paper under review gives various extensions of the second result, including a recurrence formula for the joint distribution of inversion number, major index and last digit, a factorization of the generating function of inversion number and major index at roots of unity and a type \(B\) analogue.



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