Small Area Quantile Estimation
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Abstract: Sample surveys are widely used to obtain information about totals, means, medians, and other parameters of finite populations. In many applications, similar information is desired for subpopulations such as individuals in specific geographic areas and socio-demographic groups. When the surveys are conducted at national or similarly high levels, a probability sampling can result in just a few sampling units from many unplanned subpopulations at the design stage. Cost considerations may also lead to low sample sizes from individual small areas. Estimating the parameters of these subpopulations with satisfactory precision and evaluating their accuracy are serious challenges for statisticians. To overcome the difficulties, statisticians resort to pooling information across the small areas via suitable model assumptions, administrative archives, and census data. In this paper, we develop an array of small area quantile estimators. The novelty is the introduction of a semiparametric density ratio model for the error distribution in the unit-level nested error regression model. In contrast, the existing methods are usually most effective when the response values are jointly normal. We also propose a resampling procedure for estimating the mean square errors of these estimators. Simulation results indicate that the new methods have superior performance when the population distributions are skewed and remain competitive otherwise.
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Cited in
(7)- A new classifier for imbalanced data based on a generalized density ratio model
- Bias calibration for robust estimation in small areas
- Small area estimation for semicontinuous data
- A bootstrap semiparametric homogeneity test for the distributions of multigroup proportional data, with applications to analysis of quality of life outcomes in clinical trials
- Small area mean estimation after effect clustering
- Semiparametric tests for Lorenz dominance based on density ratio model
- Empirical likelihood ratio test on quantiles under a density ratio model
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