Smooth Formal Embeddings and the Residue Complex

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Abstract: Let pi : X -> S be a finite type morphism of noetherian schemes. A smooth formal embedding of X (over S) is a bijective closed immersion X -> frak{X}, where frak{X} is a noetherian formal scheme, formally smooth over S. An example of such an embedding is the formal completion frak{X} = Y_{/X} where X subset Y is an algebraic embedding. Smooth formal embeddings can be used to calculate algebraic De Rham (co)homology. Our main application is an explicit construction of the Grothendieck residue complex when S is a regular scheme. By definition the residue complex is the Cousin complex of pi^{!} cal{O}_{S}. We start with Huang's theory of pseudofunctors on modules with 0-dimensional support, which provides a graded sheaf cal{K}^{.}_{X/S}. We then use smooth formal embeddings to obtain the coboundary operator on cal{K}^{.}_{X / S}. We exhibit a canonical isomorphism between the complex (cal{K}^{.}_{X/S}, delta) and the residue complex of Grothendieck. When pi is equidimensional of dimension n and generically smooth we show that H^{-n} cal{K}^{.}_{X/S} is canonically isomorphic to the sheaf of regular differentials of Kunz-Waldi. Another issue we discuss is Grothendieck Duality on a noetherian formal scheme frak{X}. Our results on duality are used in the construction of cal{K}^{.}_{X/S}.











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