Solar declination angle equation

determine solar declination angle on a specific day

deterministic formula, dimensional formula, discrete-time formula, dynamic formula, formula, nonlinear formula

Description

This equation computes the solar declination angle for a given simulation day based on Earth’s orbital position. The declination angle represents the angular displacement of the Sun relative to Earth’s equatorial plane and varies periodically over the year. Its seasonal variation is driven by Earth’s axial tilt and revolution around the Sun. The formulation approximates this variation using a sinusoidal function of the day index. The resulting solar declination angle is used in astronomical calculations of daylength and solar radiation geometry.

Formula(s) and Quantities

$S D_{i} = 0.4102 \sin (\frac{2 π}{365} (i - 80.25))$
$S D$ represents solar declination angle
$i$ represents day index

Further links

Item	Property
computation of daylength	contains
daylength model	contains

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