Solutions of Quadratic First-Order ODEs applied to Computer Vision Problems
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Abstract: This article is a study about the existence and the uniqueness of solutions of a specific quadratic first-order ODE that frequently appears in multiple reconstruction problems. It is called the emph{planar-perspective equation} due to the duality with the geometric problem of reconstruction of planar-perspective curves from their modulus. Solutions of the emph{planar-perspective equation} are related with planar curves parametrized with perspective parametrization due to this geometric interpretation. The article proves the existence of only two local solutions to the emph{initial value problem} with emph{regular initial conditions} and a maximum of two analytic solutions with emph{critical initial conditions}. The article also gives theorems to extend the local definition domain where the existence of both solutions are guaranteed. It introduces the emph{maximal depth function} as a function that upper-bound all possible solutions of the emph{planar-perspective equation} and contains all its possible emph{critical points}. Finally, the article describes the emph{maximal-depth solution problem} that consists of finding the solution of the referred equation that has maximum the depth and proves its uniqueness. It is an important problem as it does not need initial conditions to obtain the unique solution and its the frequent solution that practical algorithms of the state-of-the-art give.
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