Span-program-based quantum algorithm for evaluating formulas
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Abstract: We give a quantum algorithm for evaluating formulas over an extended gate set, including all two- and three-bit binary gates (e.g., NAND, 3-majority). The algorithm is optimal on read-once formulas for which each gate's inputs are balanced in a certain sense. The main new tool is a correspondence between a classical linear-algebraic model of computation, "span programs," and weighted bipartite graphs. A span program's evaluation corresponds to an eigenvalue-zero eigenvector of the associated graph. A quantum computer can therefore evaluate the span program by applying spectral estimation to the graph. For example, the classical complexity of evaluating the balanced ternary majority formula is unknown, and the natural generalization of randomized alpha-beta pruning is known to be suboptimal. In contrast, our algorithm generalizes the optimal quantum AND-OR formula evaluation algorithm and is optimal for evaluating the balanced ternary majority formula.
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Cites work
Cited in
(18)- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7559397 (Why is no real title available?)
- On the relationship between continuous- and discrete-time quantum walk
- Quantum algorithm design: techniques and applications
- Quantum algorithms for learning symmetric juntas via the adversary bound
- Quantum Algorithms for Evaluating Min-Max Trees
- Faster quantum algorithm for evaluating game trees
- Algorithms and lower bounds for De Morgan formulas of low-communication leaf gates
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7378719 (Why is no real title available?)
- Span programs are equivalent to quantum query algorithms
- Approximate span programs
- A direct reduction from the polynomial to the adversary method
- Superlinear advantage for exact quantum algorithms
- Span-program-based quantum algorithm for evaluating unbalanced formulas
- Quantum lower bounds by sample-to-query lifting
- Approximate span programs
- Approximate degree composition for recursive functions
- New developments in quantum algorithms
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