On the best constant in Gaffney inequality
type: Item
instance of: scholarly article
title: On the best constant in Gaffney inequality
zbMATH Open document ID: 1407.58002
published in: Journal of Functional Analysis
publication date: 2017-11-21T00:00:00Z
full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.04875
review text: Let \(\Omega\subset{\mathbb R}^n\) be a bounded open set with smooth boundary, and let \(\nu\) be the outward unit vector field normal to \(\partial\Omega\), which may be considered as a \(1\)-differential form by using the scalar product. Let \(W^{1,2}_T(\Omega;\Lambda^k)\) (respectively, \(W^{1,2}_N(\Omega;\Lambda^k)\)) be the space of \(k\)-differential forms \(\omega\) in the Sobolev space \(W^{1,2}(\Omega;\Lambda^k)\) with boundary condition \(\nu\wedge\omega=0\) (respectively, \(\nu\lrcorner\,\omega=0\)). The Gaffney inequality states that there is some \(C>0\) such that \[ \|\nabla\omega\|_{L^2}^2\leq C(\|d\omega\|_{L^2}^2+\|\delta\omega\|_{L^2}^2+\|\omega\|_{L^2}^2) \] for all \(\omega\in W^{1,2}_T(\Omega;\Lambda^k)\cup W^{1,2}_N(\Omega;\Lambda^k)\). There are generalizations of this inequality to classes of non-smooth domains. Denoting the optimal constants by \(C=C_T(\Omega,k)>0\) (respectively, \(C=C_N(\Omega,k)>0\)), it is first shown that \(C_T(\Omega,k),C_N(\Omega,k)\geq1\). For \(k=0,n\), this is clearly an equality. For degrees \(1\leq k\leq n-1\), the main theorem of the paper states that \(C_T(\Omega,k)=1\) (respectively, \(C_N(\Omega,k)=1\)) is achieved if and only if \(\Omega\) is \((n-k)\)-convex (respectively, \(k\)-convex). Here, \(k\)-convexity means that the principal curvatures \(\gamma_1,\dots,\gamma_{n-1}\) of \(\partial\Omega\) satisfy \(\gamma_{i_1}+\dots+\gamma_{i_k}\geq0\) for all indices \(1\leq i_1<\dots\leq i_k< n-1\); in particular, \(1\)-convexity is the usual convexity. Other characterizations of this property are also given. The smoothness of \(\Omega\) is essential in this theorem; indeed, it is also shown that \(C_T(\Omega,k),C_N(\Omega,k)=1\) if \(\Omega\) is any (possibly non-convex) polytope.
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 58A10
zbMATH DE Number: 6810526
zbMATH Keywords: Gaffney inequality
zbMATH Keywords: best constant
zbMATH Keywords: \(k\)-convexity
zbMATH Keywords: Korn's inequality
author: Gyula Csató
author: Bernard Dacorogna
author: Swarnendu Sil
reviewed by: Jesús A. Álvarez López
MaRDI profile type: MaRDI publication profile
OpenAlex ID: W2762787249
arXiv ID: 1712.04875
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Wikidata QID: Q125813916
DOI: 10.1016/J.JFA.2017.10.006
description: scientific article