Triangle subgroups of hyperbolic tetrahedral groups
There are nine compact tetrahedra in hyperbolic 3-space whose dihedral angles are submultiples of \(\pi\) so that the group generated by reflections in the faces of the tetrahedron is a discrete subgroup of the isometry group, \(\text{Isom}(\mathbb{H}^3)\). The centralizer of a reflection in one of the faces of the tetrahedron is then a discrete subgroup of the isometry group of the 2-dimensional hyperbolic plane on which that face lies. Thus if we restrict to orientation-preserving subgroups in both the ambient group and the subgroup, these tetrahedral Kleinian groups will contain Fuchsian subgroups. For only one of the tetrahedra and one of the faces of that tetrahedron, the Fuchsian subgroup is a triangle group [\textit{T. Baskan} and \textit{A. M. Macbeath}, Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 92, 79-91 (1982; Zbl 0487.20034)]. Eight of the tetrahedral groups \(\Gamma\) are arithmetic and in these cases any non-elementary Fuchsian subgroup is also arithmetic. A complete list of arithmetic Fuchsian triangle groups \(G\) is known [\textit{K. Takeuchi}, J. Math. Soc. Japan 29, 91-106 (1977; Zbl 0344.20035)]. Using the arithmetic data from both \(\Gamma\) and \(G\), all pairs \((\Gamma,G)\) where \(G\subset\Gamma\) are determined and there are several such pairs in addition to the one ``visible'' on a face as described above.
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 950209