Free polynomial generators for the Hopf algebra \(QSym\) of quasisymmetric functions
type: Item
instance of: scholarly article
title: Free polynomial generators for the Hopf algebra \(QSym\) of quasisymmetric functions
zbMATH Open document ID: 0942.16041
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-4049(98)00066-8
author: A. C. J. Scholtens
author: Bert E. J. Ditters
published in: Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
publication date: 2000-08-13T00:00:00Z
review text: A word \(w\) in letters from \(\mathbb N_+\), the set of positive integers, is a Lyndon word if for any non-trivial factorization \(w=xy\), one has \(y>w\) in the lexicographical order on words. Let \(Q\text{Sym}\) be the ring of quasisymmetric functions over the rational numbers \(Q\). \textit{C. Malvenuto} and \textit{C. Reutenauer} showed that \(Q\text{Sym}\) is the free commutative polynomial algebra on the algebraically independent set of Lyndon words [J. Algebra 177, No.~3, 967--982 (1995; Zbl 0838.05100)]. See also \textit{C. Reutenauer}'s book ``Free Lie algebras'' [Oxford: Clarendon Press (1993; Zbl 0798.17001)] for this result (Corollary 2) as well as for a discussion of \(Q\text{Sym}\) (Section 9.4). In the paper under review, the authors give a definition of a modified Lyndon word, and then show that as a commutative algebra, \(Q\text{Sym}\) is freely generated over \(\mathbb Z\), the integers, by the algebraically independent set of modified Lyndon words. As a corollary, \(Q\text{Sym}\) is a free module over \(\text{Sym}\), the algebra of symmetric functions.
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 16T05
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 16T30
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 05E05
zbMATH DE Number: 1398625
zbMATH Keywords: lexicographical orders
zbMATH Keywords: rings of quasisymmetric functions
zbMATH Keywords: free commutative polynomial algebras
zbMATH Keywords: modified Lyndon words
zbMATH Keywords: algebras of symmetric functions
reviewed by: Earl J. Taft
MaRDI profile type: MaRDI publication profile
full work available at URL: s0022-4049(98)00066-8
OpenAlex ID: W1991891082
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description: scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1398625