Rational approximation and Sobolev-type orthogonality
type: Item
instance of: scholarly article
title: Rational approximation and Sobolev-type orthogonality
zbMATH Open document ID: 1452.41006
author: Abel Díaz-González
author: H. Pijeira Cabrera
author: Ignacio Pérez-Yzquierdo
published in: Journal of Approximation Theory
publication date: 2020-10-30T00:00:00Z
full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12243
review text: In this contribution the authors deal with sequences \(\{S_{n}(x)\}_{n\geq0}\) of polynomials orthogonal with respect to a Sobolev-type inner product \[\langle f, g \rangle = \int_{-1}^{1} f(x) g(x) d\mu(x) + \sum_{j=1}^{N} \sum _{i=0}^{d_{j}} M_{j,i} f^{(i)} (c_{j}) g^{(i)} (c_{j}).\] Here, \(\mu\) is a measure in the Nevai class \(M(0,1)\) (see [\textit{P. G. Nevai}, Orthogonal polynomials. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1979; Zbl 0405.33009)]), \(M_{j,i} \geq 0, i=0, 1, \cdots, d_{j}-1, M_{j,d_{j}}>0,\) and \(c_{j}, j=1, 2, \cdots, N\) are real numbers with \(|c_{j}| >1, j=1, 2, \cdots, N.\) If we assume the above Sobolev-type inner product is sequentially-ordered, i. e. \(M_{j, i}=0, i=0, 1, \cdots, d_{j}-1, j= 1, 2, \cdots, N,\) then the polynomial \(S_{n}(z)\) has at least \(n-N\) changes of sign in \((-1,1).\) Moreover, for \(n\) large enough all its zeros are real, simple and each sufficiently small neighborhood of \(c_{j}, j= 1, 2, \cdots,N\) contains exactly one zero of \(S_{n}\) and the remaining zeros lie on \((-1,1).\) This last result is a direct consequence of the outer relative asymptotics for Sobolev-type orthogonal polynomials given in [\textit{G. López Lagomasino} et al., Constr. Approx. 11, No. 1, 107--137 (1995; Zbl 0840.42017)]. Let denote by \(\{Q_{n}(x)\}_{n\geq0}\) the sequence of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the measure \(\rho(x) d \mu(x),\) where \(\rho(x)= \prod_{c_{j} <-1} (z-c_{j})^{d_{j} +1} \prod_{c_{j} >1} (c_{j}-z)^{d_{j} +1}\)is a positive polynomial on \((-1,1).\) The authors introduce the sequence of polynomials \(\{S_{n}^{[k]} (z) \} _{n\geq0}\) defined as \[ S_{n}^{[k]} (z)= \int_{-1}^{1} \frac{S_{n+k}(z)- S_{n+k}(x)}{z-x} Q_{k-1}(x) \rho(x) d\mu(x).\] Notice that they constitute a natural extension of the so called associated polynomials of \(k\)th kind in the theory of standard orthogonal polynomials (see [\textit{W. Van Assche}, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 37, No. 1--3, 237--249 (1991; Zbl 0744.420…
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 41A20
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 30E10
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 33C47
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 42C05
zbMATH DE Number: 7268509
zbMATH Keywords: rational approximation
zbMATH Keywords: Sobolev orthogonality
zbMATH Keywords: Markov's theorem
zbMATH Keywords: zero location
reviewed by: Francisco Marcellán
MaRDI profile type: MaRDI publication profile
OpenAlex ID: W3087411614
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DOI: 10.1016/J.JAT.2020.105481
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description: scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7268509