Impulsive stabilization of high-order nonlinear retarded differential equations.
The authors investigate two classes of equations \[ x^{(n)}(t) + a(t)x^{\gamma }(t) + b(t)x^{\rho }(t) + \sum _{i=1}^N f_i(t, x^{\delta }(g_i(t))) = 0,\, t \geq t_0,\, t\neq t_k \] and \[ x^{(n)}(t) + a(t)x^{\gamma }(t) + b(t)x^{\rho }(t) + \sum _{i=1}^N \int _{g_i(t)}^tf_i(t-u, x^{\delta }(u)) = 0,\, t \geq t_0, \] under the impact of impulses \[ x(t_k) = I_k(x(t^-_k )),\,\, x^{(j)}(t_k) = J_{jk}(x^{(j)}(t^-_k )),\, j = 1, 2,\dots , n - 1,\, t = t_k. \] Here, the sequence \(\{t_k\}\) satisfies \(0\leq t_0 < t_1 <\dots < t_k <\cdots \), \(\lim _{k\to +\infty } t_k = \infty \); \(I_k, J_{jk} \colon\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\) are continuous and \(I_k(0) = J_{jk}(0) = 0\), \(k\in Z_{+}\); \(a, b\: [t_0,\infty )\to\mathbb R\) are continuous functions; \(f_i\: [t_0,\infty ) \times\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\), \(f_i(t, 0) = 0\) if \(t\geq t_0\); \(g_i \: [t_0,\infty )\times\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\) are continuous satisfying \(0\leq t-g_i(t) < \infty \) for all \(t \geq t_0 \geq 0\), \(i = 1, 2, \dots ,N\); \(\gamma ,\rho ,\delta \) are constants and \(1\leq \gamma < n\), \(\rho \geq 1\), \(\delta \geq 1\), \(\gamma \in Z_+\). Under certain additional assumptions, the impulsive stabilization is investigated by using Lyapunov functions. The obtained results show that several non-impulsive unstable systems can be stabilized by imposing impulsive controls. Some recent results are extended and improved. An example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control and stabilization methods.
higher-order nonlinear retarded differential equation
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6221235